Scant attention has been paid to the phenomenon of modern slavery in the management literature. This article redresses this by identifying modern slavery as a management practice comprising exploiting/insulating capabilities and sustaining/ shaping capabilities. I present a model specifying how these microorganization-level capabilities enable enterprises that deploy slavery to take advantage of the macro-institutional conditions that permit the practice to flourish in the face of widespread illegality and illegitimacy. I then advance potential implications for management theory and suggestions for further theoretical and empirical research.