La representació de la dona i els usos lingüístics: revisió d’estudis sobre la interacció entre les formes masculines i el biaix de gènere

• Esther Monzó-Nebot ^[1]
  1. [1] Universitat Jaume I

     Universitat Jaume I

     Castellón, España

     
• Localización: Revista de llengua i dret, ISSN-e 2013-1453, ISSN 0212-5056, Nº. 76, 2021, págs. 141-168
• Idioma: varios idiomas
• DOI: 10.2436/rld.i76.2021.3730
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 4 Citas
• Resumen
  • català

    El llenguatge inclusiu des de la perspectiva de gènere ha cobrat importància en les societats modernes com a mesura política per potenciar la igualtat de gènere. Els canvis necessaris per parlar de maneres no masclistes han despertat consciències però també resistències. Una posició que ha aconseguit una influència especial en contextos institucionals per a algunes llengües (inclòs el català) és que les formes masculines són la forma neutra de les llengües on el masculí coincideix amb l’arrel lèxica. Així, des del significat convencional que té per al treball acadèmic com a absència d’una marca morfològica, el terme no marcat s’extrapola i s’utilitza com a argument de neutralitat semàntica, comunicativa, sociocultural i simbòlica. L’argument nega o, en el millor dels casos, ignora la natura dinàmica de les relacions entre llenguatge, cognició i societat. Aquest article revisa el coneixement acumulat sobre aquestes dinàmiques en estudis empírics que desafien la pretesa neutralitat de les formes masculines i avaluen els mitjans lingüístics que poden contrarestar el biaix de gènere i com es revesteix de naturalitat en les nostres societats.

  • English

    Gender-inclusive language has become prominent in modern societies as a political measure for acknowledging gender-based diversity. The changes required to speak in non-sexist ways have aroused awareness but also resistance. A position that has achieved special traction in institutional contexts for some languages (including Catalan) is that masculine forms are actually the neutral form of gendered languages. Based on the absence of a morphological mark, grammar scholars use unmarked to refer to masculine forms that match the lexical root of words. This conventional meaning has been altered in using the term to intrinsically justify a semantic, communicative, sociocultural, and even symbolic neutrality of masculine forms. The argument denies or, at best, ignores the relationship between language, cognition, and society. This article reviews the knowledge accrued on that relationship on the basis of empirical studies challenging the alleged neutrality of masculine forms and assessing specific linguistic means that may counter the gender bias that looms large on our societies and how it is constructed as natural.

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