Estrategias de astroturfing en las publicaciones de Tik Tok: el caso de la Ley Trans España

• Ballesteros-Aguayo, Lucia ^[1] ; Colussi, Juliana ^[2] ; García-Estévez, Noelia ^[3]
  1. [1] Universidad de Málaga

     Universidad de Málaga

     Málaga, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad Rey Juan Carlos

     Universidad Rey Juan Carlos

     Madrid, España

     
  3. [3] Universidad de Sevilla

     Universidad de Sevilla

     Sevilla, España

     

  Mostrar afiliaciones +
• Localización: Historia y comunicación social, ISSN 1137-0734, Vol. 28, Nº 2, 2023, págs. 267-278
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.5209/hics.92238
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Astroturfing Strategies in Tik Tok publications: the case of the Trans Spain Law
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar qué tipo de astroturfing online político se ha utilizado en el debate sobre la Ley Trans en España a partir del análisis de contenido de 112 publicaciones en TikTok entre el 13 de octubre de 2022 y el 13 de abril de 2023. Mediante una metodología exploratoria se ha aplicado un conjunto de variables entre las que destacan los actores, la polarización ideológica y la emoción predominante. La principal conclusión apunta a que existe una campaña de astroturfing online político en contra de la Ley Trans en España basada en una falsa impresión de voluntad popular mediante la coordinación sincrónica de cuentas que publican opiniones favorables a los instigadores de la campaña, todo lo cual responde a la estrategia de los liderazgos populistas.

  • English

    This investigation aims to determine what kind of online political astroturfing has been used in the debate on the Transsexual Law in Spain based on the content analysis of 112 publications on TikTok between October 13, 2022 and April 13, 2023. Through an exploratory methodology, a set of variables were applied, among which stand out the actors, the ideological polarization, as well as the predominant emotion. The main conclusion points to the existence of a political online astroturfing campaign against the Transsexual Law in Spain based on a false impression of popular voluntad through the synchronic coordination of accounts that publish favorable opinions to the instigators of the campaign, all of which responds the strategy of populist leaders.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • ABC (17/03/2023): “Roma Gallardo, sobre su polémico cambio de sexo registral: «No lo hago por los beneficios, sino porque me siento mujer»”....
  • Arce-García, Sergio & Said-Hung, Elías (2022): “Astroturfing y debate político español desde las redes sociales: un estudio de caso”....
  • Bennett, W. Lance & Segerberg, Alexandra (2012): “The logic of connective action: Digital media and the personalization of contentious...
  • Bobba, Giuliano & Seddone, Antonella (2022): “Between the Ideological and Communicative Approaches: Hard and Soft Populism in France and...
  • Bourdin, Philippe & Le Bras, Stéphane (2018): Les fausses nouvelles. Un millénaire de bruits et de rumeurs dans l'espace public français....
  • Corbin, Juliet & Strauss, Anselm (2002): Bases de la investigación cualitativa, técnicas y procedimientos para desarrollar la teoría fundamentada....
  • Chan, Jovy (2022): “Online astroturfing: A problem beyond disinformation”. Philosophy & Social Criticism, vol. 0, nº 0. https://doi.org/10.1177/01914537221108467
  • Chu, Zi, Gianvecchio, Steven, Wang, Haining & Jajodia, Sushil (2012): “Detecting automation of Twitter accounts: Are you a human, bot,...
  • Ekman, Paul (1992): “An argument for basic emotions”. Cognition and Emotion, vol. 6, nº 3, pp. 169–200.
  • Elmas, Tuğrulcan, Overdorf, Rebekah, Ozkalay, Ahmed Furkan & Aberer, Karl (2021). Ephemeral Astroturfing Attacks: The Case of Fake Twitter...
  • Glaser, Barney & Strauss, Anselm (1967): The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. New York: Aldine Publishing...
  • Hardaker, Claire (2010): “Trolling in asynchronous computer-mediated communication: From user discussions to academic definitions”. Journal...
  • Hirst, Graeme & Feiguina, Ol’ga. (2007): “Bigrams of syntactic labels for authorship discrimination of short texts”. Lit Ling Comput,...
  • Howard, Philip Howard & Kollanyi, Bence (20/06/2016): “Bots, #Strongerin, and #Brexit: Computational Propaganda During the UK-EU Referendum”....
  • Keller, Franziska-B., Schoch, David; Stier, Sebastian & Yang, Jung-Hwan (2019): “Political Astroturfing on Twitter: How to coordinate...
  • Kovic, Marko, Rauchfleisch, Adrian, Sele, Msrc & Caspar, Christian (2018): “Digital astroturfing in politics: Definition, typology, and...
  • Krippendorf, Klaus (2004): Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Lasswell, Harold (1927): Propaganda Technique in the World War. New York: Knopf.
  • Lippman, Walter (1922): Public Opinion. New York: Macmillan.
  • Mahbub, Syed, Pardede, Erik, Kayes, A.S.M., & Rahayu, Wenny (2019): “Controlling astroturfing on the internet: a survey on detection techniques...
  • Miller, Gary J. (2005): “The political evolution of principal-agent models”. Review of Political Science, vol. 8, nº 1, pp. 203-225. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.8.082103.104840
  • Mohammad, Saif M., y Turney, Peter D. (2012). Crowdsourcing A Word-Emotion Association Lexicon. Computational Intelligence, 29(3), 436–465....
  • Muñoz Alonso, Alejandro, Monzon, Candido, Rospir, Juan Ignacio & Dader, José Luis (1990): Opinión pública y comunicación política. Madrid:...
  • Mudde, Cas (2004): “The Populist Zeitgeist”. Government and Opposition, vol. 39, nº 4, pp. 541–563. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44483088
  • Peng Jian, Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond & Ashman, Helen (2016): “Bit‐level n‐gram based forensic authorship analysis on social media: identifying...
  • Pizarroso Quintero, Alejandro (1990): Historia de la propaganda. Madrid: Eudema.
  • Sautera, Disa A., Eisner, Frank, Ekman, Paul & Scott, Sophie K. (2010): “Cross-cultural recognition of basic emotions through nonverbal...
  • Schoch, David, Keller, Franziska B., Stier, Sebastian & Yang, JungHwan (2022): “Coordination patterns reveal online political astroturfing...
  • Suler, Jhon (2004): “The online disinhibition effect”. CyberPsychology & Behavior, vol. 7, nº 3, pp. 321–326. https://doi.org/10.1089/1094931041291295
  • Varol, Onur, Ferrara, Emilio, Davis, Clayton A., Menczer, Filippo & Flammini, Alessandro (2017): “Online human-bot interactions: Detection,...
  • Walker, Edward T. (2014). Grassroots for hire: Public affairs consultants in American democracy. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Zerback, Thomas & Töpfl, Florian (2021): “Forged Examples as Disinformation: The Biasing Effects of Political Astroturfing Comments on...