Retraso en el desarrollo del lenguaje en niños de nivel inicial en Ecuador

• Jenny Maribel Larco Pullas ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica

     Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica

     Ambato, Ecuador

     
• Localización: Revista de ciencias sociales, ISSN-e 1315-9518, Vol. 29, Nº. 8 (Especial), 2023 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Transformaciones económicas y sociales para adaptarse a la era digital…), págs. 197-210
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.31876/rcs.v29i.40947
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Delay in language development in preschool children in Ecuador
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    El conocimiento acerca de los factores de riesgo y las causas de los retrasos en el desarrollo del lenguaje es vital para desarrollar e implementar estrategias de intervención efectivas. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la presencia de retraso en el desarrollo del lenguaje en niños de nivel inicial 1 (de tres a cuatro años) en Ecuador, en un contexto de cambios significativos en las rutinas sociales. Se recopilaron datos de 122 educadoras en centros infantiles de las 9 zonas del país. Los resultados revelan indicadores de retraso en el desarrollo del lenguaje, como dificultades en la vinculación del lenguaje con el juego, narraciones complejas, organización del discurso, descripciones detalladas, uso creativo del lenguaje, formación de oraciones negativas, expresión de conceptos opuestos, resolución de adivinanzas, ampliación del vocabulario y habilidades gramaticales. Los hallazgos evidencian la necesidad de implementar estrategias y programas educativos que promuevan el desarrollo lingüístico a través de actividades comunicativas, narración de historias, juego con el lenguaje y adquisición de vocabulario. Estas intervenciones tempranas pueden superar las dificultades identificadas y favorecer un desarrollo lingüístico saludable en esta etapa crucial.

  • English

    Knowledge about the risk factors and causes of delays in language development is vital to developing and implementing effective intervention strategies. The objective of this research is to determine the presence of delay in language development in children of initial level 1 (three to four years old) in Ecuador, in a context of significant changes in social routines. Data were collected from 122 educators in children’s centers in the 9 areas of the country. The results reveal indicators of delay in language development, such as difficulties in linking language with play, complex narratives, organization of discourse, detailed descriptions, creative use of language, formation of negative sentences, expression of opposite concepts, resolution of riddles, vocabulary expansion and grammatical skills. The findings show the need to implement educational strategies and programs that promote linguistic development through communicative activities, storytelling, language play and vocabulary acquisition. These early interventions can overcome identified difficulties and promote healthy language development at this crucial stage.

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