Perfil de las personas con conducta suicida y con enfermedades de salud mental preexistentes antes de la pandemia por COVID-19 y durante los 6 primeros meses de la pandemia: Estudio comparativo por períodos temporales y por género.

• Liliana Mahulea ^[2] ; Marta Domínguez García ^[3] ; María Millán Taratil ^[3] ; María Ruiz Herrero ^[3] ; Ma Jesús Serrano Ripoll ^[1]
  1. [1] Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears

     Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears

     Palma de Mallorca, España

     
  2. [2] Servicio Aragonés de Salud. España.
  3. [3] Servicio Aragonés de Salud. España.; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón.; Grupo Aragonés de Investigación en Atención Primaria

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• Localización: Acciones e investigaciones sociales, ISSN 1132-192X, ISSN-e 2340-4507, Nº 44, 2023, págs. 231-248
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.26754/ojs_ais/accionesinvestigsoc.2023448986
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Profile of people with suicidal behavior and pre-existing mental health illnesses before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the first 6 months of pandemic: Comparative study by time periods and by gender
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• Resumen
  • español

    Introducción:

    El objetivo de este estudio es analizar y comparar el perfil de las personas con conducta suicida 6 meses antes de la pandemia y durante los 6 meses posteriores al inicio de la pandemia en una cohorte de pacientes con enfermedades de salud mental previas de alta prevalencia, utilizando para ello los registros de Atención Primaria de la Salud (APS).

    Metodología: Estudio retrospectivo, longitudinal y comparativo. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, enfermedades de salud mental prexistente o nuevos diagnósticos, infección por COVID-19, utilización de los recursos sanitarios durante el período del estudio donde se produjo el intento autolítico o el suicidio. Se realizó un análisis bivariante comparando por género y por periodo de tiempo donde se produjo la conducta suicida, y un análisis multivariante de regresión logística.

    Resultados: En Aragón (España), 173 personas tuvieron conducta suicida durante los 6 meses previos a la pandemia, y 153 personas durante los 6 meses posteriores al inicio de la pandemia, sin que haya habido cambios en el perfil sociodemográfico. Este perfil es el de una mujer, y está relacionado con la preexistencia de un episodio de depresión y/o ansiedad mayoritariamente. La ausencia de contacto con el sistema sanitario, especialmente con el trabajador/a social del centro de salud y los servicios de atención continuada ha incrementado el riesgo de suicidio durante la pandemia.

    Conclusiones: Es importante el contacto con el sistema sanitario en futuras pandemias para la prevención de las conductas suicidas.

  • English

    The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the profile of people with suicidal behavior 6 months before the pandemic and during the first 6 months after its onset, in a cohort of patients with previous high prevalence mental health illnesses, using Primary Health Care (PHC) records.

    Methodology: A retrospective, longitudinal and comparative study. We collected data on sociodemographic, pre-existing mental health illnesses or new diagnoses, COVID-19 infection, use of health resources during the study period where the suicide attempt or suicide occurred. A bivariate analysis was performed comparing by gender and by the time period during which the suicidal behavior occurred, as well as a multivariate logistic regression analysis.

    Results: In Aragón (Spain), 173 persons were reported with suicidal behavior during the 6 months prior to the onset of the pandemic, and 153 persons during the 6 months after, with no changes in the sociodemographic profile.The participant profile was that of a woman, with a preexisting episode of depression and/or anxiety. Lack of contact with the health system, especially with the health center social worker and the continuing care services increased the risk of suicide during the pandemic.

    Conclusions: Contact with the health care system in future pandemics is important for the prevention of suicidal behavior.

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