FCPA and TCA: Introducing the Presumptions of Final Judgment and Joint Investigation

• Autores: Javier Coronado Díaz
• Localización: Revista de derecho: División de Ciencias Jurídicas de la Universidad del Norte, ISSN 0121-8697, Nº. 52, 2019, págs. 219-238
• Idioma: inglés
• Títulos paralelos:
  • FCPA y TCA: Introduciendo las Presunciones de Adjudicación Final e Investigación Conjunta
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Resumen El 2 de febrero de 2016, el Congreso de Colombia aprobó la ley sobre corrupción transnacional ("TCA"), un esfuerzo local por combatir la corrupción internacional como lo es la Foreign Corruption Practices Act (FCPA) en Estados Unidos. Este artículo explica por qué TCA y FCPA definen estándares legales diferentes para la responsabilidad corporativa. También explica por qué estas diferencias incrementan los costos económicos para las entidades legales con negocios en Colombia y EE.UU. En ese contexto, este artículo sugiere la implementación de un cuerpo universal de reglas anticorrupción. Sin embargo, con base en las pocas probabilidades de obtener un consenso internacional de este tipo, también sugiere que las agencias encargadas apliquen leyes anticorrupción como lo son TCA y FCPA bajo ciertas presunciones rebatibles.

  • English

    Abstract On February 2, 2016, the Congress of Colombia passed the Transnational Corruption Act ("TCA") in an effort to fight international corruption like the Foreign Corruption Practices Act ("FCPA") does in U.S. This paper explains why TCA and FCPA define different legal standards for corporate liability. It also explains how these differences increase economic costs for legal entities doing business in Colombia and U.S. Against this backdrop, this paper suggests the implementation of one universal set of anti-corruption rules. However, based on the unlikeliness of achieving such an international consensus, it also suggests that law enforcement agencies enforce anti-bribery statutes such as the TCA and FCPA under certain rebuttable presumptions.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Arbatskaya, M.. (2018). The Impact of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act on Competitiveness, Bribery, and Investment.
  • Carr, I. (2008). The OECD Anti-Bribery Convention Ten Years. Machester J. Int'l Econ. L. 3-35
  • Carter, J. (1977). Foreign Corrupt Practices, and Investment Disclosure Bill.
  • (2009). Committee on International Business Transactions. The FCPA and its impact on international business transactions- should anything...
  • Darrough, M. N. (2009). The FCPA, and the OECD Convention: Some Lessons from the U.S. Experience. Journal of Business Ethics. 255
  • Hatchard, J. (2007). Recent Developments in Combating the Bribery of Foreign Public Officials: A Cause for Optimism? 85 U. Det.Mercy L. Rev....
  • Hills, L. (2014). Universal Anti-Bribery Legislation Can Save International Business: A Comparison of the FCPA and the UKBA in an Attempt...
  • Koehler, M. (2012). The Story of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Ohio St. L.J. 929-1014
  • Koehler, M. (2016). A Snapshot of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. 14 Santa Clara J. Int'l L. 143-202
  • Koehler, M. (2010). The Facade of FCPA Enforcement. 41 Geo. J. Int'l L. 907-1009
  • Pieth, M. (2017). Making the OECD Initiative Against Corruption Work.
  • Pieth, M. (2017). Functional Equivalence in the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery.
  • Pontes, Marcelo. (2018). The Impact of International Cooperation on FCPA Enforcement.
  • Pulecio, D. (2014). The United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and Latin America: The Influence of Local Prosecutorial Efforts in Transnational...
  • (2012). Searle Civil Justice Institute. The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act: An Empirical Examination of Enforcement Trends.
  • Sivachenko, I. (2012). Corporate Victims of 'Victimless Crime': How the FCPA's Statutory Ambiguity, Coupled with Strict Liability,...
  • Spahn, E. (2012). Multi-Jurisdictional Bribery Law Enforcement: The OECD Anti-Bribery Convention. 53 Virginia. Journal of International Law....
  • (2017). OECD. OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions.
  • (2017). OECD. History - OECD.
  • (2017). OECD. Members and Partners.
  • (2017). OECD. Launch of Colombia's Accession Process to the OECD.
  • (2015). OECD. Phase 2 Report on Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in Colombia.
  • (1997). OECD. Commentaries on the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions Adopted...
  • (2017). American Bar Association. Standards for Criminal Justice: Prosecution and Defense Function.
  • (2012). Criminal Division of the US Department of Justice and the Enforcement Division of the US. Securities and Exchange Commission.
  • (2017). U.S. Department of Justice. Former Chief Executive Officer of Oil Services Company Pleads Guilty to Foreign Bribery Charge.
  • (2017). U.S. Department of Justice. Odebrecht and Braskem Plead Guilty and Agree to Pay at Least $3.5 Billion in Global Penalties to Resolve...
  • (2017). U.S. House of Representatives.
  • (2017). U.S. House of Representatives. USCS Fed Rules Crim Proc.
  • (2017). U.S Department of Justice. USAM.
  • (2014). United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, United States v. Esquenazi.
  • (2014). United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.
  • (1977). U.S. Senate. Legislative History - Senate Report.
  • (2017). Presidency of Colombia. Statement of President Santos regarding the entry of Colombia to the OECD.
  • (2016). República of Colombia. Ley 1778, por la cual se dictan normas sobre la responsabilidad de las personas jurídicas por actos de corrupción...
  • (2000). República of Colombia. Ley 599, por la cual se expide el Código Penal.
  • (2014). República of Colombia. Proyecto de Ley 159, por la cual se dictan normas sobre la responsabilidad de las personas jurídicas por actos...
  • (2017). Superintendencia de Sociedades. Super Sociedades define criterios para la adopción de programas de ética empresarial.
  • (2017). Superintendencia de Sociedades. Super Sociedades busca expandir la cooperación internacional en la lucha contra la corrupción empresarial....
  • (2017). Draft Informal Expert Working Group on Joint Investigations. Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention against Transnational...
  • (2003). General Assembly of the United Nations. Resolution 58/4.
  • (2017). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Cross-Cutting Issues International Cooperation - Criminal Justice Assessment Toolkit.
  • (2017). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Legislative guide for the implementation of the United Nations Convention against Corruption....