American Tariffs and their Impact in the EU and Spain

• Autores: Fátima El Khatabi, Carlos Llano Verduras, Federico Steinberg , Julián Pérez García
• Localización: Cuadernos económicos de ICE, ISSN 0210-2633, ISSN-e 2340-9037, Nº 100, 2020 (Ejemplar dedicado a: GLOBALIZACIÓN Y SOSTENIBILIDAD), págs. 101-124
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.32796/cice.2020.100.7120
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Los aranceles estadounidenses y su impacto en la UE y España
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Es probable que las denominadas guerras comerciales de Donald Trump y la pandemia del COVID-19 tengan un impacto sustancial en los flujos comerciales internacionales y acaben por afectar al proceso de la globalización. A medida que el comercio se ve restringido por los aranceles, se acortan las cadenas de valor mundiales y la cooperación internacional se hace más difícil. Sin que sea tampoco evidente, es posible que la sostenibilidad medioambiental pueda beneficiarse de este acortamiento de los flujos comerciales mundiales. Desde una óptica más humilde, este artículo pretende analizar las repercusiones que los recientes aranceles estadounidenses han tenido en la UE, con un enfoque especial en España. Utilizando el modelo de simulación SMART desarrollado por el Banco Mundial y la UNCTAD, estimamos el impacto de los nuevos aranceles aplicados al hierro, al acero y al aluminio, la lista de productos afectados por la reciente resolución de la OMC en relación a la «disputa de Airbus», así como los posibles nuevos aranceles para el sector de la automoción. Finalizamos con un debate sobre los efectos que podría ocasionar esta nueva ola de proteccionismo en la sostenibilidad medioambiental

  • English

    Donald Trump´s so called trade wars and the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to have a substantial impact on international trade flows and would probably reshape globalization. As trade is restricted by tariffs, global value chains are shortened and international cooperation becomes more difficult, there is a chance that environmental sustainability will increase due to lower and shorter trade flows. This paper tackles this issue by exploring the impact that recent American tariffs have had on the EU with a special focus in Spain. Using the SMART simulation model developed by the World Bank and the UNCTAD, we estimate the impact of the new tariffs applied to iron, steel and aluminum, the products included in the list of products affected by the Airbus dispute, as well as the potential new tariffs to the automotive sector. We end with a discussion on the effects of this new wave of protectionism on sustainability.

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