Maria Caterina Baruffi
This paper examines the decision by means of which the ltalian Supreme Court, in plenary session, on 8 May 2019 dealt with the issue of surrogacy, with particular regard to the notion of international public policy. The Court concluded that the ban on surrogacy constitutes a principle of public order aimed at protecting fundamental values, such as the surrogate mother's human dignity. This decision is consistent with the advisory opinion given in April 2019 by the European Court of Human Rights, that, upon request of the French Supreme Court in the context of the Mennesson case, ruled that each State can discretionarily determine the modalities by which it guarantees the recognition of the parent-child relationship, including the possibility to adopt. Nonetheless, the difficulties in the application of public policy are apparent and the situations that may arise as a result of such application are equally complex, for instance as a result of genetic ties being established with different persons. Therefore, this paper puts forth new proposals, also in the light of the most recent French case law.
1. Delimitazione dell'indagine. - 2. Riflessioni sull'ordine pubblico internazionale. - 3. L' ordine pubblico in tema di maternità surrogata nella decisione della Corte di Cassazione a sezioni unite. - 4. Il parere consultivo della Corte europea dei diritti dell'uomo. - 5. Divergenza o convergenza tra le due Corti? - 6. Considerazioni conclusive