The Contentious Politics of Social Policy expansion in Latin America

• Guzmán-Concha, César ^[2] ; Ciccia, Rossella ^[1]
  1. [1] University of Oxford

     University of Oxford

     Oxford District, Reino Unido

     
  2. [2] Universidad de Ginebra
• Localización: RES. Revista Española de Sociología, ISSN 1578-2824, ISSN-e 2445-0367, Vol. 29, Nº. Extra 3, 2, 2020, págs. 189-205
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.22325/fes/res.2020.83
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Protestas y expansión de las políticas sociales en América Latina
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    América Latina presenció un resurgimiento de las protestas durante los 1990s y principios de la décadasiguiente. Las personas salieron a las calles para oponerse a la liberalización de los servicios públicos y a niveles crecientes de desigualdad y pobreza. Esta situación parcialmente cambió en la década de 2000, cuando la región experimentó un período de expansión de las políticas sociales que extendió protecciones a grupos antes excluidos. ¿Qué rol tuvo la movilización popular en el giro al universalismo en las políticas sociales latinoamericanas? Este artículo explora este tema observando la relación entre la protesta, la fuerza electoral de la izquierda, y la adopción de reformas expansivas en salud, transferencias condicionadas, y pensiones no contributivas. El análisis ofrece evidencia de que la protesta es un aspecto relevante de las reformas de las políticas sociales, aunque sus efectos son sensibles a otras características del contexto político, y a la dimensión específica de la política considerada.

  • English

    Latin America witnessed a resurgence of protests during the 1990s and early 2000s. Citizens took to the streets to protest against the liberalization of public services and rising levels of inequalities and poverty. This situation partly changed in the decade of the 2000s when the region experienced a period of sustained social policy expansion intended to extend protections to formerly excluded groups. Did popular mobilization have an influence on the turn toward universalism in Latin American social policy? This paper explores this question by looking at the relationship between protest, the strength of the Left and the adoption of expansive reforms in healthcare, conditional cash transfers and noncontributory pensions. The findings bring support to the idea that protest is a relevant aspect of the politics of social policy reform, although its effects are both sensitive to other characteristics of the political environment and the particular policy dimension considered. 

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