Justicia del agua transfronteriza: una lectura combinada de la literatura crítica sobre la interacción del agua transfronteriza y la ‘justicia’, para el análisis y la diplomacia

• Autores: Mark Zeitoun, Ana Isabel Carrasco Vintimilla (trad.)
• Localización: Relaciones internacionales, ISSN-e 1699-3950, Nº. 45, 2020 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Un debate global sobre el agua: enfoques actuales y casos de estudio), págs. 31-51
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2020.45.001
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Transboundary water justice: a combined reading of literature on critical transboundary water interaction and ‘justice’, for analysis and diplomacy
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen

  • Mediante la revisión y combinación de dos grandes cuerpos de investigación —el trabajo crítico sobre la interacción del agua transfronteriza y siglos de pensamiento sobre justicia social— este artículo busca contribuir a la diplomacia y al análisis internacional sobre la interacción del agua transfronteriza. Varias implicaciones para el análisis y la diplomacia transfronteriza suelen relacionarse con cuestiones de equidad, preocupaciones estructurales, y procesos y resultados. Esto incluye deficiencias en los análisis y las políticas basadas en presunciones infundadas de igualdad, así como en opciones que no son consideradas debido a la legitimación de unos conceptos particulares de justicia sobre otros. Debido a que se considera que la asimetría de poder permite o impide esfuerzos relacionados con la resolución de conflictos y la demanda de justicia, se defiende la importancia de garantizar resultados equitativos como prerrequisito para la cooperación. De manera similar, al menos procesualmente, la resolución de conflictos hídricos suele ser vista como más justa que la gestión del conflicto, por lo que, hasta cierto punto, puede estar respaldada por la legislación internacional del agua. Se sugieren una serie de objetivos analíticos para futuras investigaciones y políticas, entre las cuales se incluye un llamado a examinar la fuente de legitimidad de las vertientes de justicia invocadas. Dadas las múltiples perspectivas de justicia que existen en la red de actores relevantes, el potencial sesgo en la investigación y la diplomacia podría reducirse si todos los involucrados reconocieran públicamente los valores morales que sustentan su comprensión de “justicia”

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