The essay claims that the demand for participation by the inhabitants who bear social and environmental interests emerges from the contradictions inherent in the unequal and differenti-ated geographies produced by the processes of planetary urbanization marked by pervasive neo-liberalism in politics and policies. A response to the issues to be addressed implies strate-gic actions on urbanization processes; changes to the conditions in which economic interests are defined and a new re-territorialization, founded on the urban bioregionalism as defined by Alberto Magnaghi and the self-management as defined by Henri Lefebvre.