Peasant women in the Xiaojiang River valley ofHunan Province have used Nüshu 'women s script' to write their regional dialect since the Song Dynasty or earlier. A description of the phonological features ofthe dialect isfollowed by analysis ofthe structural characteristics ofthe script, which in its current form is a systematic variant of square Chinese characters.
Unlike the latter, however, Nüshu s thousand-plus characters are syllabic.
Its inclusion of characters and character components to represent groups of phonetically similar morphemes places it at a typologically intermediate stage between Chinese characters and Japanese kana. The visual aspect of many Nüshu characters is related to women s weaving, embroidery, and paper cutting, thus reflecting the script9 s social role, in which women who have gathered to do needlework sing Nüshu poem texts expressing their celebrations and sufferings. Nüshu is also traditionally used by married women writing to their female relatives. This unique script is regrettably on the verge of extinction.