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Resumen:En este trabajo se lleva a cabo un estudio jurídico de las Cortes de la Segunda República española —también denominadas Congreso de los Diputados—, a partir del análisis del título IV de la Constitución de 9 de diciembre de 1931 (que engloba los artículos 51 a 66), del Reglamento Provisional de las Cortes Constituyentes de 11 de julio de 1931 y del Reglamento (definitivo) del Congreso de los Diputados de 29 de noviembre de 1934. Junto a estos datos normativos, se han tomado en consideración los debates que se suscitaron en las Cortes Constituyentes, la práctica parlamentaria y las aportaciones doctrinales (de entonces y de ahora) que han abordado el estudio del Parlamento de nuestro último período republicano. Merece subrayarse, desde una perspectiva formal, que se han aplicado los conceptos constitucionales actuales a un texto que se aprobó hace ahora ochenta y cinco años; y, desde una perspectiva material, que se ha reflexionado sobre hasta qué punto la normativa que regulaba las Cortes, o acaso su desleal aplicación u olvido, coadyuvó o aceleró el trágico fin de la Segunda República.
Summary:I. Legal sources. II. Unicameral character. III. The composition of Parliament. Specific reference to the electoral system. IV. The legal status of the deputies. V. The organization of Parliament. 1. The Bureau of Parliament. 2. The Parliamentary Groups 3. The Parliamentary Committees. VI. How parliament works: Parliamentary Autonomy and its limits. VII. The functions of parliament. 1. The Legislative Function. 2. The Budgetary Function of Parliament. 3. The Function of Political Control to the Government VIII. The Permanent Deputation. 1. Importance and Precedents. 2. Membership. 3. Competences. 4. On the threshold of a Tragedy: The Performance of the Permanent Deputation during the First Semester of 1936. Bibliography.Abstract:This paper is a legal study about the Spanish Parliament in the 2nd Republic —also called Lower House— based on an analysis of Title IV of the Constitution of 9 December 1931 (which covers articles 51- 66), the provisional Regulations of the Constituent Assembly of 11 July 1931 and the final Regulations of the Parliament of 29 November 1934. Together with these regulations, the discussions that took place at the Constituent Assembly, the parliamentary practice and the doctrinal contributions on the matter (both from that period and current) which analyse the Spanish Parliament in the last Republican Period have also been considered. It is noteworthy that modern constitutional concepts have been applied to a constitutional text that was passed 85 years ago, and to reflect to what extent the Regulations that governed the Assembly or their dishonest application or obliviousness could have contributed to or accelerated the tragic process of disintegration of the 2nd Republic.
