Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and the Incidence of Lung Cancer in the Agricultural Health Study

• Matthew R. Bonner ^[4] ; Laura E. Beane Freeman ^[7] ; Jane A. Hoppin ^[5] ; Stella Koutros ^[7] ; Dale P. Sandler ^[6] ; Charles F. Lynch ^[1] ; Cynthia J. Hines ^[2] ; Kent Thomas ^[3] ; Aaron Blair ^[7] ; Michael C.R. Alavanja ^[7]
  1. [1] University of Iowa

     University of Iowa

     City of Iowa City, Estados Unidos

     
  2. [2] National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

     National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

     Estados Unidos

     
  3. [3] Environmental Protection Agency

     Environmental Protection Agency

     Estados Unidos

     
  4. [4] University at Buffalo, State University of New York

     University at Buffalo, State University of New York

     City of Buffalo, Estados Unidos

     
  5. [5] North Carolina State University

     North Carolina State University

     Township of Raleigh, Estados Unidos

     
  6. [6] National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

     National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

     Township of Durham, Estados Unidos

     
  7. [7] 2 Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA

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• Localización: Environmental health perspectives, ISSN 0091-6765, Vol. 125, Nº. 4, 2017, págs. 544-551
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.1289/EHP456
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• Resumen

  • Occupational pesticide use is associated with lung cancer in some, but not all, epidemiologic studies. In the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), we previously reported positive associations between several pesticides and lung cancer incidence.

    We evaluated use of 43 pesticides and 654 lung cancer cases after 10 years of additional follow-up in the AHS, a prospective cohort study comprising 57,310 pesticide applicators from Iowa and North Carolina.

    Information about lifetime pesticide use and other factors was ascertained at enrollment (1993–1997) and updated with a follow-up questionnaire (1999–2005). Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for smoking (smoking status and pack-years), sex, and lifetime days of use of any pesticides.

    Hazard ratios were elevated in the highest exposure category of lifetime days of use for pendimethalin (1.50; 95% CI: 0.98, 2.31), dieldrin (1.93; 95% CI: 0.70, 5.30), and chlorimuron ethyl (1.74; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.96), although monotonic exposure–response gradients were not evident. The HRs for intensity-weighted lifetime days of use of these pesticides were similar. For parathion, the trend was statistically significant for intensity-weighted lifetime days (p = 0.049) and borderline for lifetime days (p = 0.073). None of the remaining pesticides evaluated was associated with lung cancer incidence.

    These analyses provide additional evidence for an association between pendimethalin, dieldrin, and parathion use and lung cancer risk. We found an association between chlorimuron ethyl, a herbicide introduced in 1986, and lung cancer that has not been previously reported. Continued follow-up is warranted.

    Bonner MR, Beane Freeman LE, Hoppin JA, Koutros S, Sandler DP, Lynch CF, Hines CJ, Thomas K, Blair A, Alavanja MCR. 2017. Occupational exposure to pesticides and the incidence of lung cancer in the Agricultural Health Study. Environ Health Perspect 125:544–551; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP456

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