Acceso usuarios
Juan V. Sourrouille, Adrian Ramos
Entre 1946 y 1949, la Argentina no pudo vender trigo en divisas de libre disponibilidad, salvo operaciones aisladas. Sin embargo, el comercio internacional del cereal alcanzó un nivel excepcional por la influencia del gobierno de Estados Unidos. La escasez de dólares y la ausencia de mercados de libre concurrencia ocasionaron que la mayor parte de las ventas del IAPI, organismo público que monopolizaba el comercio, se hicieran mediante convenios bilaterales en divisas inconvertibles bajo precios acordados. Una parte significativa se concretaron otorgando créditos en pesos a largo plazo cuyo valor recuperado resultó muy inferior a los apuntados en las exportaciones. Las ganancias registradas por el IAPI en el período, lejos de serlo, no son más que operaciones de distribución de ingresos financiadas con una expansión monetaria
Between 1946 and 1949, Argentina was unable to export wheat payable in convertible currencies, except for isolated operations. At the same time, the volume of international trade in that grain reached exceptional levels, under the influence of the policies of the US government. The world shortage of dollars and the segmentation of the international market caused that most of the sales of the public agency IAPI, which centralized the country’s trade, were made through bilateral agreements in non-convertible currencies, with prices negotiated case by case. In addition, a sizable part of those exports was financed through long- term loans denominated in pesos. The dollar amount of the eventually realized proceeds from those transactions was much smaller than the values at which the exports were recorded. Thus, the accounting profits shown by IAPI during that period were notional, rather than actual. Rather, IAPI acted as an instrument for income-redistribution operations financed via monetary expansion
