La gestión privada del gobierno de Internet: la capacidad de autodeterminación en juego

• Patricia Mindus ^[1]
  1. [1] Uppsala University

     Uppsala University

     Uppsala domkyrkoförs., Suecia

     
• Localización: Revista de estudios políticos, ISSN 0048-7694, Nº 173, 2016 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Democracia y Derecho en la era de Internet: balance y perspectivas), págs. 113-140
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.18042/cepc/rep.173.03
• Títulos paralelos:
  • The private ordering of Internet governance: powers of self-determination at stake
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    Para entender mejor qué problemas plantea a día de hoy la tecnología en relación a las libertades políticas, entendidas como autodeterminación, la atención debe desplazarse desde el nivel de los contenidos de Internet hacia los elementos básicos que definen su arquitectura y gobernanza (CIR, protocolos, relaciones de poder, etc.).

    La ciencia política convencional ha ignorado durante mucho tiempo el campo del gobierno de Internet. A pesar de ello, existe un interesante debate sobre cómo se debe gestionar este nuevo mundo, constituido por la infoesfera, que tenemos en común.

    El artículo muestra por qué el debate sobre el control de Internet se plantea frecuentemente de manera errónea: al prestar demasiada atención a los actores institucionales tradicionales se ha obviado que las «sedes de poder» ahora se encuentran más repartidas. Para poder moverse a través del modelo de gestión privada que actualmente caracteriza Internet de una manera respetuosa con los derechos fundamentales hace falta repensar las relaciones entre los poderes sociales.

  • English

    To better understand what issues today’s technologies raise in relation to political liberty, understood as self-determination, attention should shift from the level of contents of the Internet to its more basic architecture and governance (critical internet resources [CIR], protocols, governance ecology, etc.). Mainstream political science has for a long time eschewed the field of Internet governance. There is nonetheless an interesting debate on how we should handle this new world we have in common that is constituted by the infosphere. The paper shows why the debate on the control of the Internet is often misleading: too much attention on traditional institutional actors has obscured the fact that the «seats of power» are now elsewhere. In order to move within the private ordering that currently characterizes Internet governance, in a way that is respectful of fundamental rights, we need to rethink the relationships between social powers.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Bendiek, A. y Wagner, B. (2012). Internationale Politik, 67 (6), 85-92.
  • Benkler, Y. (2000). From Consumers to Users: Shifting the Deeper Structures of Regulation Towards Sustainable Commons and User Access. Federal...
  • Bobbio, N. (2009). Teoria generale della política. Torino: Einaudi.
  • Burkart, P. (2014). Pirate Politics: The New Information Policy Contests. Cambridge (MA): The MIT Press.
  • Cerf, V. (2004). On the evolution of Internet technologies. Proceedings of the IEEE, 92 (9), 1360-1370. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2004.832974.
  • Chiusi, F. (2014). Edward Snowden: A Year Later. Disponible en: http://techpresident.com/ news/25101/edward-snowden-year-later.
  • Cuono, C. (2013). La rappresentanza democratica alla prova della governabilità e governance. Fenomenologia e società, 34 (1), 53-66.
  • DeNardis, L. (ed.) (2011). Opening Standards: The Global Politics of Interoperability. Cambridge (MA): The MIT Press.
  • DeNardis, L. (2013). The Emerging Field of Internet Governance. En W. H. Dutton (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Internet Studies (pp. 555-575)....
  • Dutton, W. H. (2011). Freedom on the Net 2011. Disponible en: https://freedomhouse.org/ report/freedom-net/freedom-net-2011#.VIA9FdKG_HQ.
  • Dutton, W. H. y Peltu, M. (2007). Emerging Internet Governance Mosaic: Connecting the Pieces. Information Polity, 12 (1-2), 63-81.
  • Faris, R. y Heacock, R. (2013). Internet Monitor 2013: Reflections on the Digital World. Harvard University, Berkman Center for Internet and...
  • Ferrarese, M. R. (2010). La governance fra politica e diritto. Bologna: il Mulino.
  • Flyverbom, M. (2011). The Power of Networks: Organizing the Global Politics of the Internet. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited....
  • Franklin, M. I. (2013). Digital Dilemmas: Power, Resistance and the Internet. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Goldsmith, J. L. y Wu, T. (2006). Who Controls the Internet? Illusions of a borderless world. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hintz, A. (2007). Deconstructing multistakeholderism: The discourses and realities of global governance at the World Summit on the Information...
  • Hintz, A. y Milan, S. (2009). At the margins of Internet governance: grassroots tech groups and communication policy. International Journal...
  • Hunter, D. (2003). ICANN and the Concept of Democratic Deficit. Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review, 36 (3), 1149-1183. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.400000.
  • Kallinikos, J. (2011). Governing Through Technology. Information Artefacts and Social Practice. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Disponible...
  • Leiner, B. M. et al. (2011). Brief History of the Internet. The Internet Society (ISOC). Disponible en: http://www.internetsociety.org/internet/what-internet/history-internet/...
  • MacLean, D. (2005). Governing the Internet as Medium and Message, Model and Metaphor. Governance Forum Position Paper, Oxford Internet Institute.
  • Malcolm, J. (2008). Appraising the Success of the Internet Governance Forum, Internet Governance Project Paper. Disponible en: http://www.internetgovernance.org/wordpress/wpcontent/uploads/MalcolmIGFReview.pdf.
  • Manuel-Navarrete, D. y Modvar, C. (2007). Stakeholder. En M. Bevir (ed.). The Encyclopedia of governance (pp. 918-923). London: Sage.
  • Margetts, H. (2013). Internet and Democracy. En W. H. Dutton (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Internet Studies (pp. 421-437). Oxford: Oxford...
  • Masters, J. (2014). What is Internet governance? Disponible en: http://www.cfr.org/internet-policy/internet-governance/p32843.
  • Mayer-Schönberger, V. y Ziewitz, M. (2006). Jefferson Rebuffed: The United States and the Future of Internet Governance. John F. Kennedy School...
  • McIntyre, T. J. (2012). Child Abuse images and Cleanfeeds: Assessing Internet blocking systems. En I. Brown (ed.). Research Handbook on Governance...
  • Mindus, P. (2014). What Does EAdd to Democracy?: Designing an Agenda for Democracy Theory in the Information Age. En J. Bishop (ed.). Transforming...
  • Mindus, P. (2015). Political Liberty and New Technologies. Ragion Pratica, 2015/1, 9-36. Disponible en: https://www.rivisteweb.it/doi/10.1415/79624.
  • Mueller, M. L. (2002). Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace. Cambridge (MA): The MIT Press. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262014595.001.0001.
  • Mueller, M. L. (2010). Networks and States: The Global Politics of Internet Governance. Cambridge (MA): The MIT Press.
  • Nash, V. (2013). Analyzing Freedom of Expression online: Theoretical, empirical, and normative contributions. En W. H. Dutton (ed.). The Oxford...
  • Paré, D. (2003). Internet Governance in Transition: Who is the Master of This Domain? Oxford: Roman and Littlefield Publishers.
  • Post, D. (2009). In Search of Jefferson’s Moose: Notes on the State of Cyberspace. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Powles, J. (2014). What can we salvage from the «right to be forgotten» ruling. Disponible en: http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2014-05/15/google-vs-spain.
  • United States Department of Commerce. (2014). NTIA Announces Intent to Transition Key Internet Domain Name Functions, Washington. Disponible...
  • Wagner, B. (2013). Governing Internet Expression: The International and Transnational Politics of Freedom of Expression. PhD thesis. Firenze:...
  • Wagner, B. (2016). The Global Default and Algorithmic Regulation: Shifting norms in Internet Technology. En P. Mindus y N. Säfström (eds.)....
  • Wagner, B. y Mindus, P. (2015). Multistakeholder Governance and Nodal Authority: Understanding Internet Exchange Points. Estudio de casos...
  • Weber, R. H. (2009). Shaping Internet Governance: Regulatory Challenges. Zurich: Springer. Weinberg, J. (2000). ICANN and the Problem of Legitimacy....
  • Weiser, P. (2001). Internet Governance, Standard-setting and Self-regulation. Northern Kentucky Law Review, 28 (4), 822-831.
  • Weiser, P. (2009). The Future of Internet Regulation. Law Legal Studies Research Paper. Boulder: University of Colorado.
  • Weller, D. y Woodcock, B. (2013). Internet Traffic Exchange: Market Developments and Policy Challenges. OECD Digital Economy Papers, 207,...
  • Working Group on Internet Governance. (2005). Annual report 2005. Disponible en: http:// www.wgig.org/docs/WGIGREPORT.pdf.