Entorno tecnológico y composición cualitativa del tejido empresarial en la UE-15

• Ana Millán ^[1] ; José María Millán ^[2] ; Concepción Román ^[2]
  1. [1] Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

     Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

     Barcelona, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad de Huelva

     Universidad de Huelva

     Huelva, España

     
• Localización: Cuadernos económicos de ICE, ISSN 0210-2633, Nº 89, 2015 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Contribuciones a la economía de la innovación: análisis de la I+D+i empresarial), págs. 209-228
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.32796/cice.2015.89.6101
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    este trabajo analiza el papel de la actividad innovadora y el entorno tecnológico de un país en la decisión de ser empleador (autoempleado con asalariados) frente a la alternativa de ser trabajador autónomo (autoempleado sin asalariados). Para ello, se estiman modelos de elección discreta con variable dependiente binaria utilizando los microdatos del Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea (PHOGUE). Como medidas de innovación, se utilizan diferentes indicadores agregados a nivel de país que miden tanto el esfuerzo tecnológico (gasto en actividades de i+D y número de empleados en actividades de I+D) como los resultados de la actividad científico-técnica (solicitudes de patentes ante la Oficina Europea de Patentes –EPO– y la Oficina de Patentes y Marcas de Estados Unidos –USPTO–). Nuestros resultados sugieren que las actividades y esfuerzos en materia de innovación afectan a la composición relativa del tejido empresarial en favor de los empleadores frente a los trabajadores autónomos.

  • English

    This work analyses the role of innovation and technological environment at the country level in the individual decision to be an employer (self-employed with employees) against the alternative of being an own-account worker (self-employed without employees). To this end, we estimate binary discrete choice models, using microdata drawn from the european Community Household Panel (ECHP). As measures of innovation, we use different aggregated indicators at the country level aimed at capturing both technological effort (R&D expenditures and employment share of high-tech and knowledge-intensive sectors) and results of scientifictechnical activity (number of patent applications to the European Patent Office –EPO– and to the United States Patent and Trademark Office –USPTO–). We find strong support for a positive relationship between these indicators of the technological environment and the relative weight of employers on total self-employment.

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