Gasto social en América Latina 1990-2010: estudio de sus determinantes y análisis de convergencia

• Autores: Fernando Martín Mayoral, Markus Nabernegg
• Localización: Revista de economía mundial, ISSN 1576-0162, Nº 40, 2015, págs. 67-90
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • SOCIAL SPENDING IN LATIN AMERICA 1990-2010: A STUDY OF ITS DETERMINANTS AND A CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS
• Enlaces
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• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    La presente investigación tiene por objeto estudiar los principales determinantes económicos, demográficos y políticos del gasto social en América Latina entre 1990 y 2010, a partir de un modelo autorregresivo de corrección de errores, utilizando estimadores MGM de sistema. Los resultados muestran que el nivel de gasto social, tanto agregado como en sus tres componentes (educación, salud y seguridad social), tienen una relación de largo plazo con la renta per cápita, la apertura comercial y de capitales, la tasa de matriculación primaria y secundaria, los ingresos tributarios indirectos y los regímenes democráticos. A corto plazo, el gasto social está afectado por el crecimiento de la inversión extranjera directa recibida, la estructura de la población, los ingresos tributarios directos, gastos corrientes y de capital y el déficit público.

    Asimismo se constata un proceso de convergencia beta de los países hacia diferentes estados estacionarios

  • English

    We study the main economic, demographic and political determinants of social spending in Latin America between 1990 and 2010, applying an autoregressive error correction model with GMM system estimators. Results show that the level of social expenditure and its three categories (education, health and social security) have a long-term relationship with per capita income, trade and capital openness, the primary and secondary enrollment ratio, indirect tax revenues and democracy regimes. In the short-term, social spending is affected by the growth of foreign direct investment inflows, population structure, direct tax revenue, current and capital expenditures and fiscal deficits. We also find a process of beta convergence of countries to different steady states

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