Política exterior y política de alteridad:: una interpretación dialógica de las Relaciones Internacionales

• Autores: Xavier Guillaume
• Localización: Relaciones internacionales, ISSN-e 1699-3950, Nº. 29, 2015 (Ejemplar dedicado a: La alteridad en las Relaciones Internacionales), págs. 205-228
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Foreign Policy and the Politics of Alterity:: A Dialogical Understanding of International Relations
• Enlaces
  • Texto Completo Ejemplar
• Resumen
  • español

    Tratando específicamente de no caer ni en el eclecticismo ni en la redundancia, este artículo tiene por objetivo desarrollar una perspectiva dialógica de las Relaciones Internacionales en el ámbito metateórico del constructivismo. La idea de dialogismo sostiene que el mundo social se construye por medio del entrelazamiento de discursos entre varios interlocutores que se responden los unos a los otros. Del mismo modo, proporciona una herramienta interpretativa, el enfoque hermenéutico, que permite concebir la identidad de los interlocutores como un factor en las RRII por medio de la diferenciación entre su expresividad, la contextualidad y la relacionabilidad. El presente artículo, que aborda más detenidamente los conceptos de la identidad y la formación de la identidad en la disciplina de las RRII, comprende la identidad nacional como un aspecto que se refleja en un factor concreto de la política exterior: la política de alteridad. Basando mi enfoque en las obras del intelectual ruso Mijaíl Mijáilovich Bajtín, en la primera parte del artículo defino cómo hemos de entender el dialogismo y su noción constitutiva de la exterioridad. La segunda parte está dedicada a la integración de facto del concepto del dialogismo en la disciplina de las RRII.

    Un ejemplo tomado de la política interior y exterior japonesa anterior a la Segunda Guerra Mundial nos facilita además la comprensión del argumento teórico sobre la relación entre lo nacional y lo internacional en una política de alteridad

  • English

    Trying specifically not to fall into either eclecticism or redundancy, this paper is an attempt to develop a dialogical understanding of international relations within the meta-theoretical field of constructivism. Dialogism holds that the social world is constructed through an interweaving of mutually-responsive discourses between several agents. Further, it provides an interpretative tool, the hermeneutical locus, to understand agents� identities as a factor in international relations by discerning their expressivity, contextuality and relationality. Dealing more closely with the questions of identity and identity formation within the discipline of International Relations, the paper further regards national identity as a factor which is expressed in a particular aspect of foreign policy: the politics of alterity. Grounding my approach in the works of the Russian intellectual Mikhail Mikhailovitch Bakhtin, in the first part of the paper I define what is to be understood by dialogism and its constitutive notion of transgredience. The second part is dedicated to the actual integration of dialogism within the discipline of International Relations. An example drawn from Japanese domestic and foreign policy prior to the Second World War further facilitates the comprehension of the theoretical argument concerning the link between the national and the international in a politics of alterity.

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