Emotion and culture of eye-metaphors in Mandarin, Spanish and German

• Autores: Shelley Ching-Yu Hsieh, Lu Hui-Chuan
• Localización: Círculo de lingüística aplicada a la comunicación, ISSN-e 1576-4737, Nº. 58, 2014, págs. 110-133
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.5209/rev_clac.2014.v58.45472
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen

  • This study attempts to give a cognitive semantic study of eye expressions (EEs) in Chinese, Spanish and German. The majority of the data are collected from corpora and dictionaries. The research questions are: (1) Is the BODY IS STATIC hypothesis proposed by Hsieh and Lu (2012) valid? (2) Do the verbs in EEs showing emotions suggest something? And, (3) what cultural aspects do the EEs in three languages involve? The results show that the analysis of semantic molecules and tenors of the EEs confirm the validity of BODY IS STATIC hypothesis. The verbs of the EEs play an important role in expressing emotion. The verbs that are inherited for other body parts, such as for hand, mouth, are extended to the sight domain and assist such emotion communication effectively. Bodily experiences work in linguistic as a whole as well. Finally, cultural aspects of social behavior and social communication in the specific social groups are shown. They are all revealed through a cross-cultural linguistic comparison.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Alexander, R. J. (1978). Fixed expressions in English: a linguistic, psycholinguistic, sociolinguistic and didactic study (part 1). Anglistik...
  • Alvarez, J. R. (1999). Lanbridge diccionario manual español chino. Tapei: Lanbridge Press.
  • Carter, R. (1987). Vocabulary. London: Allen and Unwin.
  • Central Editorial Department (Ed.). (2001). Central diccionario práctico español-chino (2nd Ed.). Taipei: Central Book Publishing.
  • Cercas Ruedas, Javier. (2010). Criar cuervos. El blog de Javier Cercas Ruedas. http://elgrandesconocido.es/wordpress/?p=2740/2010/12/30
  • Chinese-Tools.com. (2005-2012). Chinese Spanish dictionary. http://www.chinesetools.com/tools/chinese-spanish-dictionary.html
  • Committee of Official Language Promotion (Ed.). (1998). Chinese Mandarin online dictionary (3rd Ed.). Taipei: Ministry of Education.
  • El mundo.es. (2000-2001). Diccionarios de elmundo. http://www.elmundo.es/diccionarios/
  • Gibbs, R. W., & Wilson, N. (2002). Bodily action and metaphor comprehension. Style, 36, 524-540.
  • Gibbs, R. W. (1999). Taking metaphor out of our heads and putting it into the cultural world. In Raymond, W. G., & Steen, G.. J. (Eds.),...
  • Goddard, C. (1998). Semantic Analysis: A Practical Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Han, Y. (1936) (original BC. 150). HanShi waizhuan/Disconnection. Shanghai: Commercial Press.
  • Hilpert, M. (2007). Chained metonymies in lexicon and grammar: a cross-linguistic perspective on body part terms. In Radden, G., Köpcke, K....
  • Hsieh, S. C-Y., & Kolodina, E. (2009). Eyes and hands expressions: embodiment of lexical meanings. Proceedings of the 18th international...
  • Hsieh, S. C-Y., & Lu, H-C. (2012, January). What does 'hand' express in Chinese and Spanish. Hawaiian international conference...
  • Huang, S-F. (2002). Tsou is different: A cognitive perspective on language, emotion, and body. Cognitive Linguistics, 13(2):167-186.
  • Kao, D. (1997). Cultural conflict in linguistic communication. Chinese Language and Culture: Teaching and Research, 1, 350-357.
  • Kessing, R. (1981). Cultural anthropology: a contemporary perspective. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
  • Kövecses, Z. (2000). Metaphor and emotion: language, culture and body in human feeling. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Li, P. J-K. (2007). Usage of body part terminology. Language and Linguistics, 8(3), 711-722.
  • Maalej. Z. (2004). Figurative language in anger expressions in Tunisian Arabic: An extended view of embodiment. Metaphor and Symbol, 19(1),...
  • Moon, R. (1998). Fixed expressions and idioms in English. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Mugu, R. Y. (2002). Polysemantics of somatic lexicon in Russian and Adug. Unpublished doctoral thesis, Maikop State University.
  • Nad, L. (1996). Some problems of cross-linguistic equivalency of German and Russian somatic phraseologisms. In Zeberek, T. (Ed.), Proceedings...
  • Nad, L. (1997). Cross-linguistic equivalency of Russian and Hungarian somatic phraseologisms (semantic asymmetry). Studia Russica, 16, 151-154.
  • Nostrand, H. L. (1978). The emergent model applied to contemporary France. Contemporary French Civilization, 2(Winter), 277-94.
  • Real Academia Española. (2001). Diccionario de la Lengua Española. Madrid: Espasa Calpe.
  • Ro, T., Friggel, A., & Lavie, N. (2007). Attentional biases for faces and body parts. Visual Cognition, 15(3), 322-348.
  • Röhrich, L. (1991). Lexikon der Sprichwörtlichen Redensarten. Freiburg: Herder Verlag.
  • Seebold, E. (2002). Kluge: etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. Berlin, New York: de Gruyter.
  • Shi, N-A. (1986) (original 1296-1370). Outlaws of the marsh (Shui hu chuan): an abridged version (translated by Sidney Shapiro). Hong Kong:...
  • Sileikaite, D. S. (1997). In der deutschen, litauischen und russischen Phraseologie. Kalbotyra, 45(3), 84-108.
  • Stern, H. H. (1993). Issues and options in language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Sweetser, E. E. (1990). From etymology to pragmatics: metaphorical and cultural aspects of semantic structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University...
  • Talmy, L. (1988). Force dynamics in language and cognition. Cognitive Science, 12, 49-100.
  • Talmy, L. (2000a). Toward a cognitive semantics I: concept structuring systems. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Talmy, L. (2000b). Toward a cognitive semantics II: typology and process in concept structuring. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Tendahl, M. (2009). A hybrid theory of metaphor. London: Macmillan.
  • The Chinese University of Hong Kong. (1999). Lin Yutang Chinese-English dictionary of modern usage. Hong Kong: The Chinese University of Hong...
  • Tso, H. L. (1981). Pequeño diccionario español-chino. Taipei: Mingshan Press.
  • Tsao, F-F., Tsai, L-C., & Liu, H-Y. (2001). The body and metaphors: the primary interface of language and cognition. Taipei: Crane Publishing.
  • Wang, Q. (2005). Cognitive analysis of 'hand' metaphors. Unpublished master thesis, North China Electric Power University.
  • Wierzbicka, A. (1985). Lexicography and conceptual analysis. Ann Arbor: Karoma.
  • Yu, N. (2000). Figurative uses of finger and palm in Chinese and English. Metaphor and Symbol, 15, 159-175.
  • Yu, N. (2001). What does our face mean to us? Pragmatics and Cognition, 9, 1-36.
  • Yu, N. (2004). The eyes for sight and mind. Journal of Pragmatics, 36(4), 663-686.
  • Zacharenko, I. V. (2004). 'Legs' in a somatic code of culture. Proceedings of the II international congress of the researchers of...