Trastornos músculo-esqueléticos (TMRIs) en músicos instrumentalistas estudiantes de secundaria y universitarios

• Autores: Jorge Juan Viaño Santasmarinas, María del Pino Díaz Pereira , Aurora Martínez Vidal
• Localización: Revista de investigación en educación, ISSN-e 2172-3427, ISSN 1697-5200, Vol. 8, Nº. 1, 2010, págs. 83-96
• Idioma: español
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• Dialnet Métricas: 3 Citas
• Resumen

  • Los estudios musicales son un contexto de elevado riesgo de incidencia de trastornos músculo-esqueléticos según la literatura, sin embargo, escasos estudios han descrito la magnitud de este problema en estudiantes de música en España. Objetivos:

    Describir la prevalencia de los trastornos músculo-esqueléticos relacionados con la interpretación (TMRIs) y analizar el género como factor de riesgo. Asimismo, describir los factores socio-demográficos, estilo de vida y hábitos de actividad musical de la muestra. Método: Un total de ciento cuarenta y cinco estudiantes de guitarra, violín, viola, violonchelo, contrabajo y piano se evaluaron mediante una entrevista oral y personal estructurada mediante cuestionarios. El diseño elegido fue de corte transversal.

    Resultados: Las prevalencias por instrumento han sido muy altas (73.9-100%) y superiores en Secundaria que en la Universidad. La espalda en su conjunto ha sido la zona más afectada (127/145, 95.9%); por orden decreciente las zonas más vulnerables fueron la espalda dorso-lumbar, cuello, hombros, codos, muñecas y manos. En pianistas y guitarristas se ha estimado un riesgo relativo mayor de sufrir TMRIs en hombres (75.7/67%, respectivamente) frente a mujeres. Los violonchelistas hombres son más propensos a sufrir TMRIs vs no sufrirlos (70%), mientras que el 100% de las mujeres mostraron algún tipo de trastorno.

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