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Pests and diseases of crops present a threat to the food security and sustainability of rural farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, limited rigorous empirical work on the economics of rural based indigenous method exists. This study evaluates the potential impact of development and adoption of indigenous agricultural technology and its attendant effect on net returns among sampled cocoa farmers in Osun State, Nigeria. Probit model and Propensity Score Matching were used to analyse the factors influencing its adoption and its impact on net returns among rural farmers. The result revealed a positive and significant effect of adoption of indigenous method on adopter�s income. Our results suggest that adoption of indigenous pest management method would help to increase output of cocoa crop and improve the well being of rural farmers. Our finding further suggests the development of indigenous pest management technology with a view to improving crop production and increasing returns to resourcepoor crop farmers.
