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The onset of anthropology was accompanied with involuntarily or not of the colonialism that characterized the 19th century. This does not mean that anthropology was functional to colonialism but certainly paved the way for its upsurge. Based on the concerns of the concerns of the first ethnologists, who warned about the disappearance of cultures of colonized aborigine tribes, the present article emphasizes two provocative theses. One refers to the cynical European paternalism that, on one hand, nourishes a discourse associated with the needs of protection while at the same time expanding the political hegemony from center to periphery. Secondly, it is hypothesized that these earlier mentioned concerns have endured in the threshold of time to the present day. With this background in mind, one can argue that capitalism overrides the needs of protection and upends their meanings. At least the concepts of Patrimony, Protection, and Heritage should be revisited. Certainly early capitalism emerged in our world associated to two previous forces: novelty and conversation. This means that on the one hand capitalism operates in the novelty of goods and products to establish new channels of consumption, but on the other hand services should be placed in several compartments foster transactional exchanges.
