Several interconnected factors call for a re-examination of treaty interpretation. I will mention only three of many. First is the much noted � and contested � notion of fragmentation of international law. Here the focus is on the emergence of different regimes, self-contained or otherwise, which manage different jurisdictions and confront different materials. One important question which follows is, do they or should they all share a similar hermeneutic? Related to this is the question of whether they, in �