The challenges of nationalism [JOSEP A. DURAN I LLEIDA] The main goal of this article is to show the problems and challenges of Catalan nationalism in the end of this century. The author takes out the point of view of democratic nationalism which argues that defining a political subject, a demos, as nationalism does, is essential for the existence of democracy and for making this democracy work. From this point of view the aims of nationalism are two: attain recognition outside the nation and national cohesion inside.