Mecanismos moleculares del ejercicio físico en la enfermedad de Alzheimer: revisión sistemática

• Redondo Cadenas, Marina ^[1] ; Cuevas, María José ^[1] ; Estébanez, Brisamar ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de León

     Universidad de León

     León, España

     
• Localización: AmbioCiencias: revista de divulgación, ISSN 1988-3021, Nº. 22, 2024 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Diciembre), págs. 31-43
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.18002/ambioc.i22.8618
• Enlaces
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• Resumen

  • La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), una de las patologías neurodegenerativas más prevalentes a nivel global, se caracteriza por un deterioro progresivo de la memoria y las funciones cognitivas, y carece actualmente de terapias curativas. Esta revisión tuvo como objetivo investigar sistemáticamente la evidencia sobre el impacto de la actividad física en los mecanismos moleculares de la EA y su influencia en el deterioro cognitivo. De los 229 artículos obtenidos en la búsqueda, se incluyeron 8 estudios en base a los criterios de elegibilidad. Los estudios evaluaron diversos protocolos de ejercicio y su efecto en procesos clave, como la acumulación de placas beta-amiloides, la formación de ovillos neurofibrilares, la neuroinflamación, el estrés oxidativo, y las alteraciones sinápticas y mitocon- driales. A lo largo de la revisión, se examinaron las interacciones entre estas vías, ofreciendo una visión integral de los mecanismos patológicos subyacentes a la enfermedad y evidenciando que la actividad física ayuda a mitigar dichos procesos. Los resultados de esta revisión ponen de manifiesto el ejercicio como una intervención no farmacológica prometedora para ralentizar el avance de la EA.

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