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‘Buy European’ – in any European capital or across the pond, these two words evoke contrasting though similarly strong reactions from security and defence experts. Following a string of policy initiatives to strengthen the EU’s industrial base over the past two years, the issue of a European preference for European defence equipment has been one of the most sensitive and contentious issues to date (Pugnet, 2024). This article analyses the EU’s initiatives to strengthen its defence industrial base and considers the added value and possible caveats of ‘Buy European’ provisions from a liberal point of view.
