Convergência e Determinantes das Emissões de Carbono na Agricultura Brasileira

• Álvaro Robério de Souza Sá ^[1] ; Luziane da Silva Gomes ^[1]
  1. [1] Federal University of Juiz de Fora, School of Economics, Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
• Localización: Revista portuguesa de estudos regionais, ISSN-e 1645-586X, Nº. 70, 2025, págs. 73-93
• Idioma: portugués
• DOI: 10.59072/rper.vi70.682
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Convergence and Determinants of Carbon Emissions in Brazilian Agriculture
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • English

    This paper presents empirical evidence of the convergence of carbon dioxide (CO²) emissions from managed agricultural soils (direct emissions from agriculture) and their determinants for the Brazilian states during the period from 1975 to 2019. For this purpose, the log t-test and a clustering algorithm are used to investigate the characteristics of the convergence process of CO² emissions in agriculture. Subsequently, a Probit model is used to identify the factors that determine the formation of convergence clubs. Employing this econometric approach, we identify two convergence clubs. One club consists of 9 (33%) Brazilian states with high CO² emissions in agriculture, while the other is formed of 18 (67%) states with low emissions. Land use, labor, capital, bovine density, agricul-tural production, industrial production, rural credit, and energy consumption are identified as drivers for the formation of these convergence clubs. Finally, when comparing the CO² emissions of these clubs before and after the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol, we find that environmental sus-tainability has been widely neglected in Brazilian agriculture

  • português

    Este artigo apresenta evidências empíricas da convergência das emissões de dióxido de carbono (CO²) de solos agrícolas manejados (emissões diretas da agricultura) e seus determinantes para os estados brasileiros durante o período de 1975 a 2019. Para isso,o teste logt e um algoritmo de agrupamento são usados para investigar as características do processo de convergência das emissões de CO² na agricultura. Posteriormente, um modelo Probit é usado para identificar os fatores que determinam a formação de clubes de convergência. Empregando essa abordagem econométrica, identificamos dois clubes de convergência. Um clube é formado por 9 (33%) estados brasileiros com altas emissões de CO² na agricultura, enquanto o outro é formado por 18 (67%) estados com baixasemissões. O uso da terra, a mão de obra, o capital, a densidade de bovinos, a produção agrícola, a produção industrial, o crédito rural e o consumo de energia são identificados como fatores deter-minantes para a formação desses clubes de convergência. Por fim, ao compararmos as emissões de CO² desses clubes antes e depois da implementação do Protocolo de Kyoto, constatamos que a sus-tentabilidade ambiental tem sido amplamente negligenciada na agricultura brasileira

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