Acceso usuarios
Xoaquín Fernández Leiceaga
The demographic regression that affects Galicia, although somewhat unique, forms part of a more general picture, with varying economic and social consequences, among which may include greater pressure on local finances. We studied the situation by groups of municipalities, differentiated according to demographic dynamics, for the years 2001, 2010 and 2019. The results were surprising:
spending per inhabitant showed higher growth where the demographic regression was more intense and it was substantially higher in both current and capital expenditures, in virtually all sectors. This was not only because of the evolution of transfers but also owing to the very intense convergence in tax revenues which seemed to indicate a change in the traditional fiscal culture. Municipalities with demographic regression presented better results and were able to overcome hurdles by establishing higher levels of tax pressure.
A regresión demográfica que afecta a Galicia intégrase, con algunha singularidade, nun cadro máis xeral con consecuencias económicas e sociais diversas. Entre elas, potencialmente, unha maior presión sobre as finanzas locais. Estudamos a situación por grupos de concellos, diferenciados en función da dinámica demográfica, nos exercicios 2001, 2010 e 2019. Os resultados sorprenden: o gasto por habitante presenta un crecemento superior alí onde a regresión demográfica é máis intensa, e acaba sendo substancialmente máis alto tanto nos gastos correntes como de capital e en practicamente todas as funcións. E non só pola evolución das transferencias, tamén pola converxencia moi intensa nos ingresos tributarios, sobre todo impositivos, o que parece indicar un cambio na cultura fiscal tradicional. Os concellos con regresión demográfica presentan mellores resultados e foron capaces de superar as dificultades establecendo maiores niveis de presión fiscal.
