Lucia Re
The essay traces the difficult path to the identification and criminalization of violence against women and gender-based violence in Italy: claiming activities, legal and political achievements by feminist movements, responsiveness of institutions, and feminist theory are intertwined with punitive and emergency approaches, patriarchal resistance and risks of backlash. An analysis of the main legislative interventions adopted in the field shows lights and shadows of a difficult journey, which is still in progress and can take different directions. In spite of narratives that present a pacified and stereotypical vision of the struggle against gender-based violence, the paper shows how this is in fact a terrain of continuous conflict and negotiation.