La política de seguridad marítima del Estado chino y la zona gris en las disputas territoriales del mar de China Meridional: un enfoque geopolítico desde el realismo neoclásico

• Autores: Esteban Vidal Pérez
• Localización: Revista Opera, ISSN-e 2346-2159, ISSN 1657-8651, Nº. 35, 2024 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Julio-Diciembre), págs. 7-36
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.18601/16578651.n35.02
• Títulos paralelos:
  • The maritime security policy of the Chinese state and the gray zone in the territorial disputes in the South China Sea: A geopolitical approach from neoclassical realism
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre la política de seguridad marítima de China y las disputas territoriales en la zona gris en el mar de China Meridional. El estudio examina esta relación a través de la estrategia y los medios de la política de seguridad marítima china con el objetivo de aclarar los factores que influyeron en esta para llevar sus disputas territoriales a la zona gris. El artículo argumenta que las rivalidades entre los países de la región, fomentadas por la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar, operaron como presión externa sobre China. Además, los factores geopolíticos y la percepción de la élite gobernante china han contribuido a considerar la Un Clos una amenaza para los intereses marítimos de China en el mar de China Meridional. En consecuencia, la política de seguridad marítima china busca cambiar el statu quo en la región para convertir a China en una potencia regional hegemónica con su esfera de influencia, al tiempo que evita una guerra abierta con sus vecinos y Estados Unidos.

  • English

    This paper aims to analyze the relationship between China’s maritime security policy and territorial disputes in the gray zone in the South China Sea. The study examines this relationship through the strategy and means of Chinese maritime security policy, aiming to clarify the factors that influenced this policy to drag its territorial disputes into the gray zone. The article argues that the rivalries between countries in the region fostered by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) operated as an external pressure on China. Furthermore, geopolitical factors and the perception of the Chinese ruling elite have contributed to considering the UNCLOS as a threat to China’s maritime interests in the South China Sea. Consequently, the Chinese maritime security policy seeks to shift the status quo in the region to establish China as a hegemonic regional power with its sphere of influence while avoiding an open war with its neighbors and the US.

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