Acceso usuarios
Germán M. Teruel Lozano 
Este trabajo se propone estudiar la posición y funciones del rey en el ordenamiento constitucional español realizando una lectura adecuada al entendimiento democrático de la monarquía parlamentaria. En especial, a la luz de las normas y principios constitucionales, pero también de la práctica en democracia, se analizará el margen de autonomía en las distintas intervenciones regias y el alcance del refrendo. A tales efectos, se concluirá realizando una clasificación de los actos del rey en la que se distinguirán, principalmente, entre actos formalmente regios, actos formal y materialmente regios e intervenciones duunvirales o complejas. En ellas, se verá cómo el refrendo jugará un papel no sólo como un mecanismo para la transmisión de la responsabilidad jurídica y política, que comporta la transferencia del poder de decisión -allí donde el rey lo tuviera-, sino como un instrumento de contrapeso o control político-institucional que tiene que resultar compatible con el respeto de la autonomía funcional del jefe del Estado.
This paper studies the position and functions of the King in the Spanish constitutional order, by means of an appropriate reading of the democratic understanding of parliamentary monarchy. In particular, in the light of constitutional norms and principles, but also of democratic practice, it will analyse the margin of autonomy in the different royal interventions and the scope of endorsement. To this end, it will conclude with a classification of the king's acts, distinguishing mainly between formally royal acts, formally and materially royal acts, and duumviral or complex interventions. In these, it will be seen how the endorsement will play a role not only as a mechanism for the transmission of legal and political responsibility, which entails the transfer of decision-making power -where the king had it-, but also as an instrument of counterbalance or political-institutional control that has to be compatible with the functional autonomy of the head of state.
Summary 1.-Introduction: the parliamentary king, a functional atavism with conditioned autonomy. 2.- Starting point: an approach to the Head of State in the 1978 Constitution and its (necessarily incomplete) functional rationalisation. 3.-(Continued) Historical vestiges, "classic" functions of the Head of State and a functional space unavailable to the rationalising attempt of the Law. 4.-The practical confirmation of the King's functional sphere in the 78’ democracy. 5.-The current meaning of the endorsement before a King who is not constitutionally neutralised: the conditioned autonomy of the monarch. As a conclusion: taxonomy of the King's acts as Head of State in the 1978 Constitution according to the capacity of royal decision and of the endorser.
