La transformación humana (HX) en la era de la IA y los retos de la educación a través del debate poshumano

• Suzuki, Shoko ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Kioto/RIKEN. Japón.
• Localización: Teoría de la educación, ISSN 1130-3743, Vol. 36, Nº 2, 2024 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Más allá de lo humano: exploraciones posthumanistas en Teoría de la educación), págs. 99-118
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.14201/teri.31730
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Human Transformation (HX) in the Age of AI and the Challenges of Education through the Post-Human Debate
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    Desde un enfoque poshumano, este artículo intenta ofrecer una nueva perspectiva sobre los futuros cambios en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en la era de la inteligencia artificial. Con el desarrollo de la civilización tecnológica, los seres humanos se han adaptado al entorno a la vez que han intentado remodelarlo mediante la tecnología y sus herramientas. El ser humano ha sobrevivido gracias a la adquisición de nuevas destrezas y habilidades para utilizar la tecnología y las herramientas. La Transformación Humana (HX), actualizada para responder a las innovaciones tecnológicas, se acerca ahora a las actividades intelectuales humanas a través de la tecnología de la IA. ¿Cuáles son los retos de la HX en la era de la IA y qué perspectivas serán fundamentales en este proceso? Este artículo se remonta a cómo las máquinas con inteligencia computacional o funciones de razonamiento capaces de reproducir las actividades intelectuales humanas adquirieron el nombre de “inteligencia artificial”. Examina el gran impacto social de la denominación de IA y el creciente fenómeno de las expectativas e inquietudes sobre la IA. A continuación, señala dos causas que están detrás del debate poshumano. El primero es la tendencia hacia un estadio superior de la inteligencia humana sobre el ser humano actual, mejorándola mediante tecnología médica e incluso basada en la IA. La segunda tendencia busca una nueva dirección para la poshumanidad y, para ello, se centra en su diversidad, como la sociedad y la cultura, mediante un examen crítico de la visión que evalúa con uniformidad todas las condiciones humanas a través de un modelo universal de ser humano. Navegar por estos principios es un excelente reto educativo. Con el foco puesto en las similitudes y diferencias entre inteligencia humana e inteligencia artificial, este artículo examina los retos de la educación para desarrollar aún más las características únicas de la inteligencia humana y lograr la libertad de la tecnología de la IA, atendiendo a las implicaciones éticas, legales y sociales (ELSI por sus siglas en inglés) derivadas de un uso inteligente de la IA.

  • English

    Concerning a posthuman perspective, this paper attempts to provide a new perspective on future changes in teaching and learning in the age of artificial intelligence. With the development of technological civilisation, humans have adapted to the environmental world while at the same time attempting to remould it using technology and tools. Humans have survived by acquiring new skills and abilities to manipulate technology and tools. Human Transformation (HX), updated to respond to technological innovations, is now upcoming human intellectual activities through AI technology. What are the challenges of HX in the age of AI, and what perspectives will be critical in this process? This paper traces back to how machines with computational intelligence or reasoning functions were named ‘artificial intelligence’ that can reproduce human intellectual activities. It examines the wide-ranging social impact of the naming of AI and the growing phenomenon of expectations and anxieties about AI. It then notes two sources behind the posthuman debate. The first is the trend towards an upgraded stage of human intelligence over the current human by enhancing it through medical and even AI-based technology. The second trend seeks a new direction for post-humanity by focusing on its diversity, such as society and culture, through a critical examination of the view that uniformly evaluates all human conditions through a universal model of human beings. Navigating them is an excellent educational challenge. Focusing on the similarities and differences between human intelligence and artificial intelligence, the paper examines the challenges of education to develop the unique characteristics of human intelligence further and achieve freedom from AI technology, considering the legal, ethical and social issues (ELSI) of making wise use of AI.

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