Hippocampal adaptations in Mild Cognitive Impairment patients are modulated by bilingual language experiences

Toms Voits ^[6] ; Jason Rothman ^[6] ; Marco Calabria ^[1] ; Holly Robson ^[2] ; Naiara Aguirre ^[3] ; Gabriele Cattaneo ^[7] ; Víctor Costumero ^[3] ; Mireia Hernández ^[4] ; Montserrat Juncadella Puig ^[8] ; Lidón Marín-Marín ^[3] ; Anna Suades ^[8] ; Albert Costa ^[9] ; Christos Pliatsikas ^[5]
1. [1] Universitat Oberta de Catalunya
  
  Universitat Oberta de Catalunya
  
  Barcelona, España
2. [2] University College London
  
  University College London
  
  Reino Unido
3. [3] Universitat Jaume I
  
  Universitat Jaume I
  
  Castellón, España
4. [4] Universitat de Barcelona
  
  Universitat de Barcelona
  
  Barcelona, España
5. [5] Universidad Nebrija
  
  Universidad Nebrija
  
  Madrid, España
6. [6] UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
7. [7] Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Spain
8. [8] ENTIA, Fundació de Neurorehabilitació i Recerca Cognitiva, Barcelona, Spain
9. [9] University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Localización: Bilingualism: Language and cognition, ISSN 1366-7289, Vol. 27, Nº 2, 2024, págs. 263-273
Idioma: inglés
DOI: 10.1017/S1366728923000354
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Resumen
- Bilingualism has been shown to contribute to increased resilience against cognitive aging. One of the key brain structures linked to memory and dementia symptom onset, the hippocampus, has been observed to adapt in response to bilingual experience – at least in healthy individuals. However, in the context of neurodegenerative pathology, it is yet unclear what role previous bilingual experience might have in terms of sustaining integrity of this structure or related behavioral correlates. The present study adds to the limited cohort of research on the effects of bilingualism on neurocognitive outcomes in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) using structural brain data. We investigate whether bilingual language experience (operationalized as language entropy) results in graded neurocognitive adaptations within a cohort of bilinguals diagnosed with MCI. Results reveal a non-linear effect of bilingual language entropy on hippocampal volume, although they do not predict episodic memory performance, nor age of MCI diagnosis.

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