Discriminación laboral de género en el sector turismo:un análisis para el caso peruano en el contexto de la COVID-19

• Autores: Cesar Edinho Del Pozo Loayza, Esther Guzmán Pacheco
• Localización: Apuntes: Revista de Ciencias Sociales, ISSN-e 2223-1757, ISSN 0252-1865, Vol. 50, Nº. 95, 2023 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Apuntes 95), págs. 97-146
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.21678/apuntes.95.1676
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Labor discrimination by gender in the tourism sector: An analysis for the Peruvian case in the context of COVID-19
• Enlaces
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• Resumen
  • español

    Este artículo identifica procesos de discriminación laboral de género en el sector turismo peruano, analizando los determinantes de la brecha salarial entre hombres y mujeres en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Para ello, se utilizan la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares entre 2018 y 2021 y la metodología de descomposición de brechas salariales por cuantiles de Machado y Mata (2005), la cual incluye una corrección por sesgo de selección en la participación laboral de hombres y mujeres en el sector turismo (Buckinsky, 1998; Albrecht et al., 2009). La brecha salarial fue descompuesta en diferencias en las características laborales (educación, experiencia) y diferencias en los retornos de tales características. Los resultados muestran que la brecha salarial es desfavorable a las mujeres y es explicada principalmente por diferencias en los retornos, sobre todo en cuantiles más bajos de la distribución salarial. Los procesos de discriminación laboral contra las mujeres en turismo se habrían incrementado durante la pandemia, en particular el efecto piso pegajoso.

  • English

    This article identifies processes of gender-based labor discrimination in the Peruvian tourism sector. We analyze the determinants of the gender wage gap between men and women in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the National Household Survey from 2018 to 2021 and the methodology of decomposing wage gaps by quantiles proposed by Machado and Mata (2005), which includes a correction for selection bias in the labor participation of men and women in the tourism sector (Buckinsky, 1998; Albrech et al., 2009). The wage gap was decomposed into differences in job characteristics (education, experience) and differences in the returns to such characteristics. The results show that the wage gap is unfavorable to women and is mainly explained by differences in returns, particularly in the lower quantiles of the wage distribution. Labor discrimination processes against women in tourism would have increased during the pandemic, particularly the sticky floor effect.

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