Políticas de Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo de Corea del Sur: Un Análisis Crítico

• Chica-Morales, Patricia ^[1] ; Doménech, Antonio J. ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Málaga
• Localización: Terra: revista de desarrollo local, ISSN-e 2386-9968, Nº. 12, 2023, págs. 1-28
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.7203/terra.12.26007
• Títulos paralelos:
  • South Korea's Official Development Assistance Policies: A Descriptive Review
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • español

    En el último decenio Corea del Sur se ha posicionado entre las grandes potencias tecnológicas, industriales y culturales del mundo. Su modelo de desarrollo económico ha sido ampliamente auspiciado, desde un punto de vista puramente económico, por conseguir una rápida industrialización del país entre los sesenta y ochenta. La Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo (AOD) recibida por parte de Corea del Sur fue el instrumento financiador que permitió promover la infraestructura económica y social del país. En 2010, tras años como donante emergente de fondos de desarrollo, Corea del Sur logra su entrada en el Comité de Ayuda al Desarrollo de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (CAD-OCDE). Su propósito principal era ofrecer su experiencia como base para el desarrollo de otros países. Con esto como marco, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las políticas de Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo del gobierno surcoreano desde 2012 para estudiar la particularidad de su modelo. Concretamente, se estudian los presupuestos oficiales, programas, sectores y estrategias a través de informes oficiales del gobierno surcoreano, y del CAD-OCDE entre otros. Se observa que las políticas de AOD de Corea del Sur tienen como objetivo principal contribuir al desarrollo de los países receptores a través de la mejora de la infraestructura económica y social y de la promoción de la educación y el desarrollo rural.

  • English

    Over the past decade, South Korea has positioned itself among the world's technological, industrial and cultural leaders. Its economic development model has been largely sponsored from a purely economic point of view by achieving a rapid industrialization of the country between the 1960s and 1980s. At that time, Official Development Assistance (ODA) became one of the financing instruments that promoted the country's economic and social infrastructure. Using this development experience, in 2010 South Korea joined the Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD-DAC). Officially, its main purpose was to offer its development policy model to other countries. This model has been widely researched from academia especially until 2015. However, there are few reviews of the current status of these policies. Against this background, this article aims to develop a panoramic analysis of South Korea's ODA policies around the last decade and the particularities of these policies. To this end, the present research addresses a study of official budgets, programs, sectors and strategies through official reports of the South Korean government, and the OECD-DAC from 2012 to the present

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