Soberanía tecnológica: visión geopolítica desde la Unión Europea

• Gonzalo León Serrano ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

     Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
• Localización: Información Comercial Española, ICE: Revista de economía, ISSN 0019-977X, ISSN-e 2340-8790, Nº 930, 2023 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Autonomía estratégica), págs. 121-144
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.32796/ice.2023.930.7570
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Technological sovereignty:: a geopolitical vision from the EU’s perspective
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 3 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    El artículo aborda el concepto de soberanía tecnológica, enmarcado en el de autonomía estratégica, focalizado en la política industrial. Tras definir y establecer la relación entre ambos se presentan los instrumentos de poder blando y poder duro que pueden estar al alcance de la UE para mejorar su soberanía tecnológica, prestando atención a la combinación inteligente de varios de ellos. Tras justificar la necesidad de disponer de un «Índice de Soberanía Tecnológica» para monitorizar las acciones sobre una base cuantitativa, se analiza la relación entre la soberanía digital con la energética, militar, industrial y digital, así como la batalla por el talento tecnológico. Finalmente, se comentan algunas opciones sobre la contribución de España en el contexto de la soberanía tecnológica europea.

  • English

    The article addresses the concept of technological sovereignty framed in that of strategic autonomy focused on the industrial policy. After defining and establishing the relationship between the two, the soft power and hard power instruments that can be available to the EU to improve its technological sovereignty are presented, paying attention to the intelligent combination of several of them. After justifying the need to have a «Technological Sovereignty Index» to monitor actions on a quantitative basis, the relationship between digital sovereignty with energy, military, industrial and digital sovereignty is analyzed, as well as the battle for technological talent. Finally, some options on Spain’s contribution in the context of European technological sovereignty are discussed

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Borrell, J. (2022). Staying on course in troubled waters. EU foreign policy in 2021. European Union External Action. ISBN 978 92-9463-089-6.
  • Boullenois, C. (2021). China’s Data Strategy: Creating a stateled market. European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS). October 6.
  • Bradford, A. (2020). The Brussels Effect. How the European Union Rules the World. Oxford University Press. ISBN-13: 9780190088583.
  • Burwell, F. G., & Propp, K. (2022). Digital Sovereignty in Practice: The EU’s Push to Shape the New Global Economy. Atlantic Council....
  • Csernatoni, R. (2021a). The EU’s Defense Ambitions: Under s tanding the Emergence of a European Defense Technological and Industrial Complex....
  • Csernatoni, R. (2021b). The EU’s Rise as a Defense Te chnological Power: From Strategic Autonomy to Technological Sovereignty. Carnegie Europe....
  • Da Ponte, A., León, G., & Álvarez, I. (2022). Technological sovereignty of the EU in advanced 5G mobile communications: An empirical approach....
  • Dupré, B. (2022). European sovereignty, strategic autonomy, Europe as a power: what reality for the European Union and for what future? European...
  • Edler, J., Blind, K., Kroll, H., Schubert, T. (2021). Technology Sovereignty as an Emerging Frame for Innovation PolicyDefining Rationales,...
  • EIS. (2022). European Innovation Scoreboard. September. https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/statistics/ performance-indicators/european-innovation-scoreboard_...
  • European Commission. (2020). A New Industrial Strategy for Europe. Communication from the Commission. COM(2020) 102 final.
  • European Commission. (2021a). Updating the 2020 New Industrial Strategy: Building a stronger Single Market for Europe’s recovery. Communication...
  • European Commission. (2021b). Laying Down Harmonised Rules on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) And Amending Certain Union...
  • European Commission. (2022a). A Chips Act for Europe. Communication from the Commission. COM(2022) 45 final. February.
  • European Commission. (2022c). A New European Innovation Agenda. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council,...
  • Eurostat. (2022, August). Industrial production statistics. Eurostat statistics explained. https://ec.europa.eu/ eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Industrial_...
  • Fiott, D. (Ed.). (2021). European Sovereignty. Strategy and interdependence. European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS). Chaillot...
  • Gray, J. E. (2021). The geopolitics of ‘platforms’: the TikTok challenge. Internet Policy Review, 10(2). https://doi. org/10.14763/2021.2.1557
  • León, G. (2020). Repercusiones estratégicas del desarrollo tecnológico. Impacto de las tecnologías emergentes en el posicionamiento estratégico...
  • León, G. y da Ponte, A. (2022). Soberanía tecnológica y poder inteligente de la Unión Europea en un contexto geopolítico inestable: el escenario...
  • Negreiro, M. (2022). The NIS2 Directive. A high-common level of cybersecurity in the Union. European Parliamentary
  • Research Service. PE 689.333. June. https://www.europarl. europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/EPRS_BRI(2021)689333
  • Nye, J. S. Jr. (2005). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. Public Affairs.
  • Nye, J. S. Jr. (2009). Get Smart: Combining Hard and Soft Power. Foreign Affairs, 88(4), 160-163.
  • Poitiers, N., & Weil, P. (2022, January 26). Opaque and illdefined: the problems with Europe’s IPCEI subsidy framework. Bruegel Blog....
  • Renda, A. (2021). The EU Industrial Strategy: Towards a PostGrowth Agenda? Intereconomics, 56(3), 133-138. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10272-021-0968-7
  • Repnikova, M. (2022). The balance of soft power: the American and Chinese quests to win hearts and minds. Foreign Affairs, 101, 44.
  • Ringhof, J., & Torreblanca, J. I. (2022). The Geopolitics of Technology: How the EU Can Become a Global Player. Policy brief. European...
  • Schmidt, H. (diciembre de 2021). Economía de plataforma. Dr. Holger Schmidt Blog. https://www.netzoekonom.de/ plattform-oekonomie/
  • Sparks, W. (2022). The semiconductor battle is heating up. GZERO Media’s global politics newsletter. December. https://www.gzeromedia.com/the-chip-race
  • Teevan, C., & Shiferaw, L.T. (2022). Digital geopolitics in Africa: Moving from strategy to action. ECDPM, Briefing Note No. 150. October....
  • Wieringen, K., & Fernández-Álvarez, M. (2022). Securing the EU’s supply of critical raw materials. AT A GLANCE Strategic Autonomy 360°....