The article analyzes the entities, resources and actions of the United Nations international human rights protection system in favor of the right to social protest in Latin America. It addresses the normative-institutional evolution and possible interactions of Governments and rights-holders with treaty bodies, special procedures, the Universal Periodic Review of the Human Rights Council and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. It seeks to address the need for greater knowledge of the United Nations’ mandate and capacities for action in this area. It also explains the unequal presence and response to alleged violations of this right, which contrasts with the high social expectations on international action.