Acceso usuarios
Leodan Tadeo Rodríguez Ortega, Daniel Alejandro Verde-Villegas, Filogonio Jesús Hernández Guzmán, Jorge Luis Castrellón Montelongo, Alejandro Rodríguez Ortega
Ante la necesidad de transferir tecnología de pastos de menor uso en agua de riego en el Valle de Tulancingo, el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar tres pastos mexicanos Panicum virgatum, Sporobolus airoides y Tripsacum dactyloides en producción de forraje, densidad de población tallos, producción de semilla y caracterización de semillas de manera física y fisiológica. El estudio se llevó a cabo de abril a agosto y de agosto a diciembre de 2020 en condiciones de riego por goteo con 10 trasplantes en 12 m2 a partir de plantas adultas. El rendimiento mayor de forraje (suma de dos ciclos) y hojas se observó en P. virgatum (3.59 t MS ha-1; P < 0.0001), seguido por T. dactyloides (1.15 t MS ha-1) y S. airoides (0.719 t MS ha-1). La población de tallos vivos acumulada en T. dactyloides fue 216, en P. virgatum 187 y en S. airoides 82 tallos por planta-1 (P < 0.0001). La producción de diásporas en suma de los dos ciclos, en P. virgatum fue 147 kg ha-1, similar (P > 0.05) a T. dactyloides, sin embargo, las cúpulas con incipiente pureza física (0.79 %). La mayor pureza física (14.08 kg ha-1; P < 0.0001) y semilla pura viable (12.3 kg ha-1; P < 0.0001) se observó en Sporobolus airoides.
Given the need to transfer grasses of the mexican semiarid of hight foragepotential were evaluated switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), estearn gamagrass (Tripsacumdactyloides) and alkali sacaton (Sporobolus airoides) in production of forage, tiller populationdensity, seed production as well as physical and physiological characterization of seeds.The study was carried out in two cycles from april to august and from august to decemberunder irrigation conditions at 8 333 plants ha−1. The treatments were three grasses, onfield, Completely Random Blocks and in laboratory, Completely Random (Tukeyα= 0.05).The highest forage yield was observed in switchgrass (3.59 t DM ha−1, P < 0.0001), andsurpassed eastern gamagrass and alkali sacaton in 3.0 and 4.9 times, respectively. Thehighest population density of tillers was seed eastern gamagrass with 216 tillers plant−1andsurpassed switchgrass and alkali sacaton by 1.15 and 2.6 times, respectively (P < 0.0001).The highest production of dispersal units occurred in eastern gamagrass 177 kg ha−1; similarto switchgrass with 147 kg ha−1(P > 0.05), however, cupules with incipient physical purity(0.79%). Viability decreased with a larger caryopsis size, therefore, a greater quantity ofviable pure seed was determined in alkali sacaton (12.3 kg ha−1) and surpassed switchgrassby 1.3 times. Switchgrass is a forage alternative as it has good forage and seed yield in thefirst year of establishment. Eastern gamagrass is forage viable alternative to be propagatedby plant material alive.
