Acceso usuarios
The fi rst year of the 21st Century was marked by an atrocity that would shock and shape international affairs for years to come:
the September 11 terrorist attacks. Acting as a pivot point for Western politics, they redirected U.S. foreign policy, contributed to the growth of national security state budgets and mentality, and fed the feeling of confrontation between and within civilizations. Along the next two decades, the fi ght against jihadist activism and terrorism became a central point for Western citizens and great powers, reinforcing both the attention to and the geopolitical maneuvering in the Middle East and the Islamic World at large.
