Resumen de Factors behind the employment loss in Galicia: Great Recession of 2008 vs. the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

Yolanda Pena Boquete, Iria Dios - Murcia

• English

  In a recession such as COVID-19 pandemic with important consequences in the labour market, it is important to design policies that really address factors behind the employment loss for each demographic subgroup. The aim of this paper is to decompose and identify these factors for each demographic group, comparing the effects of the Great Recession with the COVID-19 pandemic. Although segregation was saving job loss for young and female workers in the Great Recession, these groups were concentrated in the most affected sectors during the COVID-19, increasing their job loss. However, a policy which just focuses on recovering employment from these sectors will not solve the employment problems behind young workers since they are being used as reserved workers fired in the downturn and hired in the upturns. We attempt to measure also the effect of Expediente de Regularización de Empleo Temporal (ERTE) subsidies on employment.

• galego

  Nunha recesión con importantes consecuencias no mercado laboral, como a causada pola pandemia da COVID-19, é importante deseñar políticas que realmente aborden os factores que hai detrás da perda de emprego. O obxectivo deste traballo é descompoñer e identificar estes factores para distintos grupos demográficos en función do seu sexo e idade, comparando os efectos da Gran Recesión cos sufridos na primeira onda da COVID-19. Os resultados mostran que a concentración do emprego xuvenil en determinados sectores, en particular o das mulleres, amorteceu a súa perda de emprego durante a Gran Recesión. Non obstante, estes grupos concentráronse nos sectores máis afectados durante a COVID-19, aumentando a súa perda de emprego. Con todo, unha política que se centre só en recuperar o emprego destes sectores non resolverá os problemas de emprego das persoas traballadoras mozas xa que se estarán a empregar como reserva de traballo, despedidas na recesión e contratadas na recuperación. Finalmente, tentamos medir ata que punto a política dos Expedientes de Regularización de Emprego Temporal (ERTE) salvagardou empregos.