Acceso usuarios
Marco Paulo Vianna Franco, Carla Cristina Aguilar de Souza, Thiago Rafael Corrêade Almeida
This article seeks to assess the evolution of consumptive water uses in the economy of the state of Minas Gerais between 2005 and 2016. An open input-output Leontief model with hybrid units and the incorporation of a water sector was used based on input-output matrices for 2005, 2008, 2013, and 2016 and water withdrawal data made available by the National Water Agency of Brazil. Results show a decrease in total water requirements by sector and in aggregate. Relevant sectors in terms of withdrawal intensity,intersectoral links, and/or virtual water embedded in exports were “agriculture, forestry and logging”, “mining”, “food products”, “electricity, gas, water and urban sanitation”, and “metallurgy”. Agriculture, in addition to the greatest amounts of water withdrawal, was responsible for the highest impacts, both as supplier and demander, which increased over the period. An increase in large, irrigatedcrops, especially sugar cane, was raised as a hypothesis explaining these results and pointing to policies in favor of the reduction of the pressure on water resources in the state.This article seeks to assess the evolution of consumptive water uses in the economy of the state of Minas Gerais between 2005 and 2016. An open input-output Leontief model with hybrid units and the incorporation of a water sector was used based on input-output matrices for 2005, 2008, 2013, and 2016 and water withdrawal data made available by the National Water Agency of Brazil. Results show a decrease in total water requirements by sector and in aggregate. Relevant sectors in terms of withdrawal intensity,intersectoral links, and/or virtual water embedded in exports were “agriculture, forestry and logging”, “mining”, “food products”, “electricity, gas, water and urban sanitation”, and “metallurgy”. Agriculture, in addition to the greatest amounts of water withdrawal, was responsible for the highest impacts, both as supplier and demander, which increased over the period. An increase in large, irrigatedcrops, especially sugar cane, was raised as a hypothesis explaining these results and pointing to policies in favor of the reduction of the pressure on water resources in the state.
O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a evolução dos usos consuntivos da água na economia do estado de Minas Gerais entre 2005 e 2016. Foi utilizado um modelo insumo-produto aberto de Leontief com unidades híbridas e incorporação de um setor hídrico, com base nas matrizes de insumo-produto estaduais de 2005, 2008, 2013 e 2016 e nos dados de retirada de água disponibilizados pela Agência Nacional de Águas. Os resultados mostram que houve redução dos requerimentos hídricos totais por setor e de forma agregada. Os destaques em termos de intensidade de retiradas, elos intersetoriais e/ou água virtual embutida nas exportações foram “agágua virtual,análiseinsumo-produto, Minas Gerais, recursos hídricos, setor-chavericultura, silvicultura e exploração florestal”, “indústria extrativa mineral”, “fabricação de alimentos”, “eletricidade, gás, água e limpeza urbana” e “metalurgia”. A agricultura, além de líder em retiradas de água em termos absolutos, apresentou os maiores impactos enquanto ofertante e demandante de produtos, água virtual,análiseinsumo-produto, Minas Gerais, recursos hídricos, setor-chaveos quais se tornaram maiores ao longo do período. O aumento da participação de grandes lavouras irrigadas, mais especificamente o plantio da cana-de-açúcar, foi levantado como hipótese que explicaria esses resultados e direcionaria políticas para a redução da pressão sobre os recursos hídricos estaduais.
