Acceso usuarios
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María Teresa Palacios Estremera
[2]
En la vertiente norte del Sistema Central, sobre el río Alberche (Ávila), el Valle de Iruelas ha sido escenario de grandes incendios desde finales del siglo XIX, por causas desconocidas, accidentales, naturales e intencionadas.
El fuego útil y catastrófico ha tenido, además, una presencia permanente en esta cuenca y en toda la región natural del Sistema Central al menos desde fines del siglo XVI, como ha podido documentarse a través de las numerosas fuentes geohistóricas manejadas.
El caso de estudio de Iruelas ha sido seleccionado y delimitado con criterios geofísicos y a través del manejo de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, tras la identificación y reconstrucción de un registro histórico de incendios forestales, completado con los datos de la Estadística General de Incendios Forestales. La evolución del régimen del fuego en la cuenca y en su contexto espacial (Sierra de Gredos y Sistema Central) muestra unos puntos de inflexión, pirotransiciones, a finales siglo XIX y a mediados siglo XX, que se han interpretado a través del análisis de la información socioeconómica y territorial a escala local.
The Iruelas Valley located at the basin of the Alberche river, in the province of Ávila, is part of the Spanish Central Mountain Range, and has couped with several large wildfires since the end of the 19th century. The large wildfires were caused by arson, negligence, natural causes or unknown factors. In fact, different fire uses and historical wildfires have been recorded in this. These fires kind catastrophic and useful at the same time have been detected in this basin and in the entire natural region of the Central Mountain Range at least since the end of the 16th century, as has been proven in the historical documentation obtained in different geohistorical sources.
Considering the presence of fire from historical and statistical fire records, the case-study of Iruelas Valley was selected and delimited according to geophysical criteria and through the use of the Information Geographical Systems. The results obtained from geohistorical research show a non-lineal evolution of fire regime in the case-study and its spatial context (Sierra de Gredos and Central Mountain Range). We have identified two abrupt shifts called pirotransitions in the end 19th century and in the mid 20th century, that were clarified through the analysis of the socioeconomic factors at the local scale.
