Acceso usuarios
In the past, the predominant, classic representation of Carolingian economy and society has been that of the manorial system or mode of exploitation adopted by the “great bipartite estates”. The bipartite system was characterized by an organic link between a “demesne” exploited for the benefit of the owner and tenures (or “manses”), that is, land assigned to tenants (some free, others considered to be unfree) in return for rents and labour services performed on the demesne. In this classical view, the flourishing of the Carolingian economy coincided with the high point of organization and exploitation of the big estates (both lay and ecclesiastical holdings)
