Customary law, religion and legal pluralism in Israel: islamic law and shari’a courts in constant motion

• Autores: Kyriaki Topidi
• Localización: Revista general de derecho público comparado, ISSN 1988-5091, Nº. 26, 2019
• Idioma: inglés
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Derecho consuetudinario, religión y pluralismo jurídico en Israel: El derecho islámico y las cortes sharaíticas en constante movimiento
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• Resumen
  • español

    Al igual que en la realidad colonial, algunos Estados mantienen una estructura compartimentada de sus sociedades, en el que los grupos religiosos están sujetos a leyes personales que forman parte del sistema jurídico oficial del estado. Estos mismos Estados respaldan estos sistemas jurídicos paralelos como medio para mantener el control sobre comunidades competidoras. Israel es uno de estos Estados. Las comunidades etno-religiosas de Israel son las más equipadas con sus propios tribunales religiosos, donde se sientan los jueces comunitarios. Todo intento de reforma de la legislación sobre el estatuto personal está viciado en el contexto israelí por las divisiones entre la mayoría judía y la minoría árabe. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este ensayo es explorar cómo, dentro de un marco jurídico pluralista respaldado por el Estado, los sistemas religiosos de las minorías evolucionan, navegan y se reforman, destacando el papel desempeñado por los actores del proceso normativo, en particular los jueces (qadis) que actúan en los tribunales islámicos y que se ocupan de casos de derecho de familia.

  • English

    Similar to the colonial reality, some States maintain a compartmentalized arrangement of their societies, where religious groups are subjected to communal laws that form part of the ‘official’ State legal system. These same States endorse these ‘parallel’ legal systems as a means to keep control over competing communities. Israel is one of these States. Ethno-religious communities in Israel are for the most equipped with their own communal courts, where communal judges sit. Any attempted reforms in personal status law are tainted in the Israeli context by the majority versus minority cleavage between Jews and Arabs. The focus of this paper is therefore to explore how, within a state-endorsed pluralist legal framework, minority religious systems evolve, navigate and reform, emphasizing the role played by actors in the judicial process, in particular judges (qadis) sitting in shari’a courts and adjudicating on family law cases.

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