Informal laws and state law in the horn of Africa

• Autores: Salvatore Mancuso
• Localización: Revista general de derecho público comparado, ISSN 1988-5091, Nº. 26, 2019
• Idioma: inglés
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Derecho informal y derecho estatal en el cuerno de África
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Resumen
  • español

    Este ensayo examina la relación existente entre el derecho informal y las leyes estatales en los cuatro países del Cuerno de África desde una perspectiva histórica y comparativa. Esta relación se considera desde el momento en que los cuatro países se independizaron, pero también se hace referencia ocasionalmente al contexto colonial cuando es necesario para justificar una situación particular. El análisis también se centra en la relación existente entre las leyes religiosas y las leyes estatales, ya que las leyes religiosas representan un componente esencial en la interacción entre las leyes estatales y las demás órdenes normativas presentes en estos cuatro países. El ensayo concluye con algunas recomendaciones para mejorar dicha relación.

  • English

    This essay examines the relationship existing between informal law and state laws in the four countries of the Horn of Africa from an historical and comparative perspective. Such relation is considered from the time when the four countries became independent, however reference is also made from time to time to the colonial background when necessary to justify a particular situation. The analysis casts also an eye to the relation existing between religious laws and state laws, as religious laws represent an essential component in the interaction between state laws and the other normative orders present in these four countries. The essay concludes with some recommendations for the improvement of such relationship.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • A. Faye, “Le dualisme juridictionnel et juridique en matière de divorce en République de Djibouti”, available at https://issuu.com/faye/docs/ledualisme...
  • A. Griffiths, “Legal pluralism”, in An Introduction to Law and Social Theory, eds. Reza Banakar & Max Travers, (Portland: Hart, 2002),...
  • A. Jembere, An Introduction to the Legal History of Ethiopia (1434-1974), LIT Verlag, Münster, 2000
  • A. Pollera, Le popolazioni indigene dell’Eritrea, Licinio Cappelli Editore, Bologna, 1935.
  • A. Saleh Mohammad & N. Hirt, “Conflict Resolution and Customary Law in Contemporary Eritrea: Case Studies of the Saho Community”, in Tigre...
  • A.A. Schiller, “The changes and adjustments which should be brought to the present legal systems of the countries of Africa to permit them...
  • A.C. Diala, “The concept of living customary law: a critique”, The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law, vol. 49, n. 2, 2017, pp....
  • A.P. Tzadua, The Fetha Nagast (trad. ingl.), Central Printing Press, Addis Abeba, 1968
  • Alula Pankhurst e Getachew Assefa, “Understanding Customary Dispute Resolution in Ethiopia”, in Grass-Roots Justice in Ethiopia, cit.
  • B. Habte Selassie, The Making of the Eritrean Constitution: The Dialectic of Process and Substance, Red Sea Press, Lawrenceville NJ, 2003.
  • C. Conti Rossini, Principi di diritto consuetudinario dell’Eritrea, Tipografia dell’Unione Editrice, Roma, 1916, p. 29 and ff.
  • C. Himonga, “The Future of Living Customary Law in African Legal Systems in the Twenty-First Century and Beyond, with Special Reference to...
  • D. Kohlhagen, “State Law and Local Law in Sub-Saharan Africa”, in Grass-Roots Justice in Ethiopia. The Contribution of Customary Dispute Resolution,...
  • EASO Country of Origin Information Report – Eritrea Country Focus (2015), available at https://www.easo.europa.eu/sites/default/files/public/Eritrea-Report-Final.pdf...
  • F. Battera, “State-building e diritto consuetudinario in Somalia”, in Diritti tradizionali e religiosi in alcuni ordinamenti contemporanei,...
  • Federal Courts of Sharia Consolidation Proclamation No 188/1999, Article 6 par. 2.
  • G. Alemu Aneme, “The Coupling of State and Sharia Justice Systems in a Secular State: The Case of Ethiopia”, SFB-Governance Working Paper...
  • G. Cucci, “Le fonti del diritto indigeno d’Eritrea”, Rivista delle Colonie Italiane, vol. 7, n. 11, 1933, pp. 853-859
  • G. Graf, “Die koptische Gelehrtenfamilie der Aulād al-ʽAssal und ihr Schrifttum”, Orientalia, I, n. 1,1932, p. 37
  • G. Krzeczunowicz, “A New Legislative Approach to Customary Law: the “Repeals” Provision of the Ethiopian Civil Code of 1960”, Journal of Ethiopian...
  • G. Krzeczunowicz, “Code and custom in Ethiopia”, Journal of Ethiopian Law, vol. II, n. 2, 1965, pp. 425-439, at p. 425.
  • G. Milesi, Corso di diritto islamico secondo la dottrina sciafeita, Istituto Universitario della Somalia, Mogadishu, 1960, that is a summary...
  • G. Milesi, Il diritto presso i somali, R. Stamperia della Colonia, Mogadishu, 1937
  • G.R. Woodman, “Customary law, State courts, and the Notion of Institutionalization of Norms in Ghana and Nigeria”, in People’s Law and State...
  • H. Jacquemin, “L’organisation judiciaire à Djibouti”, Revue Juridique et Politique Indépendance et Cooperation, 39, n. 1-2, January-March...
  • I. Castellucci, “Il nuovo diritto eritreo: il diritto di famiglia”, in New law for new states, cit., pp. 193-222.
  • I. Guidi, Il “Fetha Nagast” o “Legislazione dei Re”. Codice ecclesiastico e civile di Abissinia, Tip. Della Casa Editrice Italiana, Rome,...
  • J. Carbonnier, Sociologie juridique, PUF, Paris, 1978.
  • J. Vanderlinden, “An Introduction to the Sources of Ethiopian Law from the 13th to the 20th Century”, Journal of Ethiopian Law, vol. III,...
  • J. Vanderlinden, “An Introduction to the Sources of Ethiopian Law from the 13th to the 20th Century”, Journal of Ethiopian Law, vol. III,...
  • J. Vanderlinden, “Villes africaines et pluralisme juridique”, Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law, vol. 42, 1998, pp. 245-274
  • J. Vanderlinden, Introduction au droit de l’Éthiopie moderne, LGDJ, Paris, 1971, p. 60 and ff.
  • J.H. Beckstrom, “Transplantation of Legal Systems: An Early Report on the Reception of Western Laws in Ethiopia”, American Journal of Comparative...
  • J-L. Halperin, “Law in Books and Law in Action: The Problem of Legal Change”, Maine Law Review, vol. 64, n. 1, 2011, pp. 45-76
  • M, Ghebremedin, Combining Traditional and Modern Laws: The Strenghts of Eritrean Community Courts, available at https://www.tesfanews.net/custom-modern-law-eritrean-community-courts/...
  • M. Aden, Call For A New Ethiopian Civil Code, available at http://www.dresaden.de/B--Ungedruckte-Arbeiten/VI_-Ungedruckte-juristische-Ar/NECC---Journal-Eth.-Law.pdf...
  • M. Alliot, “Les résistances traditionnelles au droit moderne dans les États d’Afrique francophones et à Madagascar”, in Études de droit africain...
  • M. Bogdan, “Legal Pluralism in the Comoros and Djibouti”, Nordic Journal of International Law, 69, n. 2, 2000, pp. 195-208.
  • M. Guadagni, “Note sulle fonti del diritto etiopico (con particolare riferimento all’istituto del divorzio)”, Africa: Rivista trimestrale...
  • M. Guadagni, Il modello pluralista, Giappichelli, Turin, 1995
  • M.I. Aguilar, “The Constitution of Somaliland: The Problem of Constitutional Generations and Clan Dissolution”, Sociology Mind, vol. 5, 2015,...
  • N.J. Singer, “Islamic Law and the Development of the Ethiopian Legal System”, Howard Law Journal, vol. 17, 1971-1973, pp. 130-168.
  • N.J. Singer, “The Ethiopian Civil Code and the Recognition of Customary Law”, Houston Law Review, vol. 9, 1972, pp. 460-494.
  • P. Lillo, Globalizzazione del diritto e fenomeno religioso, Giappichelli, Turin, 2012.
  • R. David, “A Civil Code for Ethiopia: Considerations on the codification of the civil law in African countries”, Tulane Law Review, vol. 37,...
  • R. David, “Critical observations regarding the potentialities and the limitations of legislation in the independent African states”, in Integration...
  • R. David, “Le code civil éthiopien de 1960”, Rabels Zeitschrift für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht, vol. 26, n. 4, 1961, pp....
  • R. David, “Les sources du code civil éthiopien”, Revue internationale de droit comparé, vol. 14, n. 3, Juillet-septembre 1962, pp. 497-506,...
  • R. David, “Sources of Ethiopian Civil Code”, Journal of Ethiopian Law, vol. 4, n. 2, 1967, pp. 341-349, at p. 344.
  • R. Michaels, “The Functional Method of Comparative Law”, in The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Law, eds. Mathias Reimann and Reinhard Zimmermann,...
  • R. Pound, “Law in books and law in action”, American Law Review, vol. 44, 1910, pp. 12-36
  • R. Sacco, Il diritto africano, UTET, Turin, 1995
  • R. Sacco, Introduzione al diritto privato somalo, Giappichelli, Turin, 1973, p. 18.
  • R.A. Sedler, “The Development of Legal Systems: the Ethiopian Experience”, Iowa Law Review, vol. 53, 1967, pp. 562-635, at p. 568.
  • Report A/HRC/32/CPR.1, 8 June 2016.
  • S. Ayo Alao, De la nécessaire relecture de nos constitutions en Afrique francophone, Ed. du Gerddes, Cotonou, 2013.
  • S. Mancuso, “O direito da familia num contexto pluralista: o caso de Moçambique”, in Contribuições jurídicas sobre a união de facto e direitos...
  • S. Mancuso, “Pluralismo e ordini normativi in Africa. Dal conflitto alla collaborazione”, in Regolare la complessità. Giornate di studio in...
  • S. Mancuso, “Pluralismo giuridico in Somalia. Trascorsi storici e sviluppi recenti”, Jura Gentium, vol. 9, 2014, pp.140-163
  • S. Mancuso, “Short Notes on the Legal Pluralism(s) in Somaliland”, in Concepts of Law, eds. Séan P. Donlan, Lukas Heckendorn Urscheler (London:...
  • S. Mancuso, “Short Notes on the Legal Pluralism(s) in Somaliland”, in Concepts of Law: Comparative, Jurisprudential, and Social Science Perspectives,...
  • S. Mancuso, Terra in Africa. Diritto fondiario eritreo, EUT, Trieste, 2013, p. 54 and ff.
  • Santi Romano L’ordinamento giuridico Feltrinelli, Milan, 2018 (last reprint).
  • U. Dessì, Religioni e globalizzazione. Un’introduzione, Carocci, Bari, 2019.
  • UN Human Rights Council, Report A/HRC/32/47, 6 June 2016
  • V. Mellana, Diritto processuale islamico somalo, Scuola Tipografica Missione Cattolica, Mogadishu, 1957.
  • V. Mellana, Nozioni di diritto giudiziario somalo, Scuola Tipografica Missione Cattolica, Mogadishu, 1957