This collection of essays brings together and expands on the author's recent published work in the broad area of household welfare, with particular focus on the measurement of poverty and inequality. Household budget survey data sets from India are deployed for empirical analysis in a majority of the essays, though data sets from other countries are utilised as well. The methodologies presented in Chapters 3 and 4 are illustrated in Chapter 5 via single-country empirical studies for the UK, Australia, Canada and India. [Extracted from the article]