Determinantes institucionales del Estado para las metas intermedias en China: tecnología nativa, desarrollo de la industria e internacionalización de empresas

• Autores: Jhon Valdiglesias Oviedo
• Localización: Apuntes: Revista de Ciencias Sociales, ISSN-e 2223-1757, ISSN 0252-1865, Vol. 46, Nº. 85, 2019, págs. 231-256
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.21678/apuntes.85.1073
• Títulos paralelos:
  • State Institutional determinants for China’s intermediate goals: indigenous technology, development of industry, and internationalization of companies
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Este artículo analiza el mejoramiento de la calidad institucional del Estado como un factor definitivo del éxito económico de China, obtenido mediante el logro de metas económicas intermedias. La teoría convencional respecto a las fuerzas del mercado como el único determinante de la liberalización no explica cabalmente el auge económico chino. Con el fin de ponerse a la par de los países desarrollados, China ha promulgado incesantes reformas, con un ligero hincapié en reformas políticas, y ha llevado a cabo un concurrente énfasis continuo y agresivo en reformas económicas. A través de esta combinación de diseños y estrategias estatales, China ha alcanzado las metas intermedias requeridas para sostener las tasas de crecimiento económico rápido y estable observadas en décadas recientes. Para analizar este proceso, el presente estudio se enfocará en el análisis de tres enfoques: a) elemento tecnológico; b) desarrollo de la industria automotriz; y c) internacionalización de empresas chinas. La bibliografía reciente relacionada con el enfoque institucional ofrece un marco teórico adecuado para entender el desarrollo económico reciente en China y el mejoramiento de la calidad de las instituciones del Estado.

  • English

    This article analyzes the improvement of state institutional quality as a determinant of China’s economic success, achieved through the accomplishment of intermediate economic goals. Conventional wisdom that market forces are the sole determinant of liberalization cannot fully explain the Chinese economic boom. With the aim of catching up with developed countries, China has steadily enacted reforms, with slight emphasis on political reforms and continual, aggressive emphasis on concurrent economic ones. Through this combination of state designs and strategies, China has achieved the intermediate goals necessary to sustain the fast and stable rates of economic growth observed in recent decades. To analyze this process, this study will focus on the analysis of three approaches: (i) technological element; (ii) development of the auto industry, and (iii) internationalization of Chinese companies. The recent literature related to the institutional approach offers a proper theoretical framework to understand China’s recent economic development and the improvement of state institutional quality.

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