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The article provides a detailed analysis of the “condition of vulnerability” as a constituent element of the offenses of labor exploitment, slavery, and trafficking, enshrined in the Italian Penal Code. Taking extensively into account international and comparative sources, it recommends, as long as the offence definition of the relevant crimes is at stake, a conceptual shift from vulnerability as the absence of “real and acceptable” alternatives to vulnerability as a condition of need, i.e. as an actual absence of means of survival due to the causes of vulnerability. Finally, in order to comply with the nullum crimen principle it advocates a rephrasing of the essentially vague concept of vulnerability, through “indicators” which are widely recognized by international bodies and by the law-in-action of domestic legal orders.
Il lavoro, muovendo dall’analisi del requisito dell’approfittamento dello stato di bisogno nel delitto di sfruttamento lavorativo, compie – anche alla luce delle rilevanti fonti extra-nazionali e di importanti documenti di organizzazioni internazionali– una messa a punto, metodologica e contenutistica, del concetto di condizione di vulnerabilità quale elemento modale della condotta che qualifica i più gravi delitti contro la libertà e la dignità dell’individuo.
