Memórias das mensagens alimentares precoces transmitidas pelos cuidadores e comportamentos de ingestão alimentar compulsiva em adultos da população geral portuguesa: Estudo do papel da apreciação da imagem corporal

• Autores: Sara Oliveira, Cláudia Ferreira
• Localización: Revista Portuguesa de Investigação Comportamental e Social: RPICS, ISSN-e 2183-4938, Vol. 4, Nº. 2, 2018 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Setembro), págs. 33-41
• Idioma: portugués
• DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2018.4.2.82
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Memories of early caregiver eating messages and binge eating symptomatology in Portuguese adults: The role of body appreciation
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • português

    Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi testar o efeito mediador da apreciação da imagem corporal na associação entre memórias de mensagens alimentares transmitidas pelos cuidadores durante a infância e adolescência e a adoção de comportamentos de compulsão alimentar na adultez.Métodos: Participaram neste estudo 246 mulheres e 133 homens da população geral que completaram numa plataforma online medidas de autorrelato para avaliar memórias de mensagens alimentares transmitidas pelos cuidadores, a apreciação da imagem corporal e sintomatologia de compulsão alimentar. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram associações negativas entre a recordação de mensagens alimentares precoces do tipo restritivo e crítico e a apreciação da imagem corporal e entre a apreciação da imagem corporal e a sintomatologia de ingestão alimentar compulsiva. Os resultados da análise de vias revelaram uma associação positiva entre mensagens parentais do tipo restritivo e crítico em relação à alimentação durante a infância e adolescência e a sintomatologia de compulsão alimentar, sendo esta relação parcialmente mediada pela apreciação da imagem corporal,que explicou 35% da variância da sintomatologia de compulsão alimentar, não revelando diferenças significativas entre o sexo masculino e feminino.Conclusões: Este estudo parece ter importantes implicações clínicas, demonstrando que a transmissão precoce de mensagens alimentares de controlo por parte dos cuidadores está associada a uma menor tendência dos indivíduos para adotar, posteriormente, atitudes positivas relativamente à imagem corporal e, consequentemente, mais comportamentos alimentares perturbados, como a compulsão alimentar. Estes resultados sublinham a importância de desenvolver programas para pais/cuidadores focados no desenvolvimento de estratégias adaptativas para regular o comportamento alimentar das crianças.

  • English

    Objectives: The current study aimed to explore the relationship between memories of caregiver eating messages and binge eating symptomatology, and to test whether body appreciation mediates this association.Methods: A total of 246 women and 133 men from the general population, aged between 18 and 60, participated in this study, by completing online self-report instruments to evaluate memories of early caregiver eating messages, body appreciation, and binge eating symptomatology.Results: Results revealed negative associations between memories of early caregiver eating messages and body appreciation, and negative associations between body appreciation and binge eating symptomatology. Results indicated that body appreciation acts as a mediator in the relationship between caregiver restrictive and critical eating messages and binge eating symptomatology, while pressure to eat messages did not present significant associations. Specifically, individuals who recall more restrictive and critical eating messages, show higher levels of binge eating symptomatology, via lower levels of body appreciation. The tested model explained 35% in the variance of binge eating symptomatology and did not reveal significant differences between females and males.Conclusions: This study seems to support that parental control of children feeding are related with a low tendency to adopt a positive relationship with body image and with a higher probability to engage in disordered eating behaviors, such as binge eating symptomatology. Therefore, these finding highlighted the importance of developing parental methodologies focused on the development of adaptive strategies to regulate their children eating behaviors that allow the event of an appreciative body image.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Publisher.
  • Avalos, L., & Tylka, T. (2006). Exploring a model of intuitive eating with college women. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 53(4), 486–497....
  • Avalos, L., Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2005). The Body Appreciation Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. Body Image,...
  • Baker, C. W., Whisman, M. A., & Brownell, K. D. (2000). Studying intergenerational transmission of eating attitudes and behaviours: Methodological...
  • Birch, L., & Deysher, M. (1986). Caloric compensation and sensory specific satiety: Evidence for self-regulation of food intake by young...
  • Birch, L. L., & Deysher, M. (1985). Conditioned and uncondicioned caloric compensation: Evidence for self-regulation of food intake by...
  • Birch, L., & Fisher, J. O. (1998). Development of eating behaviors among children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 101(Suppl. 2), 539–549.
  • Birch, L., & Fisher, J. O. (2000). Mothers’ child-feeding practices influence daughters’ eating and weight. The American Journal of Clinical...
  • Birch, L. L., Fisher, J. O., & Davison, K. K. (2003). Learning to overeat: Maternal use of restrictive feeding practices promote girls’...
  • Birch, L. L., Fisher, J. O., Grimm-Thomas, K., Markey, C. N., Sawyer, R., & Johnson, S. L. (2001). Confirmatory factor analysis of the...
  • Carper, J. L., Fisher, J. O., & Birch, L. L. (2000). Young girl’s emerging dietary restraint and disinhibition are related to parental...
  • Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, G., & Aiken, S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (3rd...
  • Collins, W. A., Maccoby, E. E., Steinberg, L., Hetherington, E. M., & Bornstein, M. H. (2000). Contemporary research on parenting: The...
  • Cutting, T. M., Fisher, J. O., Grimm-Thomas, K., & Birch, L. L. (1999). Like mother, like daughter: Familial patterns of overweight are...
  • Dakanalis, A., Clerici, M., Caslini, M., Gaudio, S., Serino, S., Riva, G., & Carra, G. (2016). Predictors of initiation and persistence...
  • Duarte, C., & Pinto-Gouveia, J. (2017). Self-defining memories of body image shame and binge eating in men and women: Body image shame...
  • Duarte, C., Pinto-Gouveia, J., & Ferreira, C. (2017). Ashamed and fused with body image and eating: Binge eating as an avoidance strategy....
  • Duarte, C., Pinto-Gouveia, J., & Ferreira, C. (2014). Escaping from body image shame and harsh self-criticism: Exploration of underlying...
  • Duarte, C., Pinto-Gouveia, J., & Ferreira, C. (2015). Expanding binge eating assessment: Validity and screening value of the Binge Eating...
  • Dunkley, D. M., & Grilo, C. M. (2007). Self-criticism, low self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and over-evaluation of shape and weight in...
  • Edmunds, H., & Hill, A. J. (1999). Dieting and the family context of eating in young adolescent children. International Journal of Eating...
  • Faith, M. S., Scanlon, K. S., Birch, L. L., Francis, L. A., & Sherry, B. (2004). Parent-child feeding strategies and their relationships...
  • Ferreira, C., Oliveira, S., & Marta-Simões, J. (2018). Mensagens parentais acerca da alimentação: Validação de um novo instrumento de...
  • Fisher, J. O., & Birch, L. L. (1999). Restricting access to foods and children’s eating. Appetite, 32(3), 405–419. https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.1999.0231
  • Fisher, J. O., Sinton, M. M., & Birch, L. L. (2009). Early parental influence and risk for the emergence of disordered eating. In L. Smolak...
  • Goldfield, G. S., Adamo, K. B., Rutherford, J., & Legg, C. (2008). Stress and the relative reinforcing value of food in female binge eaters....
  • Gormally, J., Black, S., Daston, S., & Rardin, D. (1982). The assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons. Addictive Behaviors,...
  • Goss, K., & Gilbert, P. (2002). Eating disorders, shame and pride: A cognitive–behavioural functional analysis. In P. Gilbert & J....
  • Halliwell, E. (2015). Future directions for positive body image research. Body Image, 14, 177–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.003
  • Hayaki, J., Friedman, M., & Brownell, K. (2002). Shame and severity of bulimic symptoms. Eating Behaviors, 3(1), 73–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1471-0153(01)00046-0
  • Heatherton, T., & Baumeister, R. (1991). Binge eating as escape from self-awareness. Psychological Bulletin, 110(1), 86–108. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.86
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, P. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives....
  • Iannantuono, A. C., & Tylka, T. (2012). Interpersonal and intrapersonal links to body appreciation in college women: An exploratory model....
  • Jambekar, S., Masheb, R., & Grilo, C. (2003). Gender differences in shame in patients with Binge Eating Disorder. Obesity, 11(4), 571–577....
  • Kessler, R., Berglund, P., Chiu, W., Deitz, A., Hudson, J., Shahly, V., … Xavier, M. (2013). The prevalence and correlates of Binge Eating...
  • Kline, R. (2005). Principals and practice of structural equation modelling (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Kotler, L. A., Cohen, P., Davies, M., Pine, D. S., & Walsh, B. T. (2001). Longitudinal relationships between childhood, adolescent, and...
  • Kroon Van Diest, A., & Tylka, T. (2010). The Caregiver Eating Messages Scale: Development and psychometric investigation. Body Image,...
  • Larsen, J. K., Hermans, R. C. J., Sleddens, E. F. C., Engels, R.C. M. E., Fisher, J. O., & Kremers, S. P. J. (2015). How parental dietary...
  • Leehr, E. J., Krohmer, K., Schag, K., Dresler, T., Zipfel, S., & Giel, K. E. (2015). Emotion regulation model in binge eating disorder...
  • Maccoby, E. E. (2000). Parenting and its effects on children: On reading and misreading behavior genetics. Annual Review of Psychology, 51,...
  • Marcos, Y. Q., Sebastian, M. J. Q., Aubalat, L. P., Ausina, J. B., & Treasure, J. (2013). Peer and family influence in eating disorders:...
  • Marta-Simões, J., Mendes, A. L., Trindade, I. A., Oliveira, S., & Ferreira, C. (2016). Validation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 for...
  • Máximo, A., Ferreira, C., & Marta-Simões, J. (2017). Ações autocompassivas e comportamento alimentar perturbado em mulheres: O efeito...
  • Poínhos, R., Franchini, B., Afonso, C., Correia, F., Teixeira, V. H., Moreira, P., ... Almeida, M. D. V. (2009). Alimentação e estilos de...
  • Smolak, L., & Cash, T. F. (2011). Future challenges for body image science, practice, and prevention. In T. F. Cash & L. Smolak (Eds.),...
  • Strien, T., & Bazelier, F. (2007). Perceived parental control of food intake is related to external restrained and emotional eating in...
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.03.227
  • Swami, V., Stieger, S., Haubner, T., & Voracek, M. (2008). German translation and psychometric evaluation of the Body Appreciation Scale....
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
  • Tylka, T., & Kroon Van Diest, A. M. (2013). The Intutitive Eating Scale-2: Item refinement and psychometric evaluation with college women...
  • Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015). The Body Appreciation Scale-2: Item refinement and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 12,...
  • Wasylkiw, L., MacKinnon, A. L., & MacLellan, A. M. (2012). Exploring the link between self-compassion and body image in university women....